IIT Madras Develops Technology that would enable Vertical Take-Off and Landing of Aircrafts and Drones

IIT Madras Unveils Hybrid Rocket-Powered VTOL System, Paving Way for Next-Gen Air Mobility: The Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Madras has reached a new level in the development and testing of a Vertical Take-Off and Landing (VTOL) system using hybrid rocket thrusters and virtual simulation technology. This is another innovation that enables drones and aircraft to take off and land vertically, eliminating the need for lengthy runways. It’s rather a huge step for India in terms of aerospace research and innovation.

The researchers successfully tested a soft vertical landing simulation, proving the vehicle is capable of slowing down and soft landing -- an important capability for both aircraft and space vehicles. The system’s use of hybrid rocket motors sets it apart from conventional engines, which are typically intricate and require frequent maintenance. Hybrid rockets are simpler, safer, and have an ease of thrust modulation that makes them the ideal solution for next-generation aircraft and drones.
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Prof. P.A. Ramakrishna , Department of Aerospace Engineering, said that VTOL aircraft have the potential to revolutionise access to remote and inhospitable regions. These aircraft, which can take off and land vertically and yet fly long distances like ordinary aeroplanes, are especially valuable in areas where runways cannot be constructed. That has potential for emergency services, military applications, and regional air transport.

The research paper, co-authored by Ramakrishna, Joel George Manathara, and Anandu Bhadran , has been published in the International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences . The team created a unique hybrid fuel that can be used with compressed air as an oxidiser, thus enhancing the system’s safety and operational ease. They also designed a Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation (HILS) system with which to virtually test and verify flight performance.
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This breakthrough has the potential to revolutionise civil and defence aviation in India, enabling small aircraft to operate from multiple locations instead of being limited to large airports. Under further development, the VTOL research of IIT Madras could result in a new age of air mobility with aircraft taking off anywhere, anytime, safely and efficiently.

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