CBSE Class 12 Physics Expected Question Paper 2025

Chapters

Questions

Electric Charges and Fields

• State Gauss’s theorem and apply it to find the electric field due to an infinitely long straight uniformly charged wire. (Years: 2019, 2021, 2023)
• Derive the expression for the electric field due to an electric dipole at a point on its axial line. (Years: 2017, 2020)

Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

• Derive the expression for the potential energy of a system of two point charges. (Years: 2016, 2020)
• Explain the working of a parallel plate capacitor with a dielectric slab. Derive the expression for its capacitance. (Years: 2017, 2021)

Current Electricity

• State and explain Kirchhoff's laws with an example. (Years: 2017, 2019, 2023)
• Derive the relation between current density, drift velocity, and electric field. (Years: 2016, 2021)
• Numerical: A potentiometer is used to measure the EMF of a cell. Explain why a potentiometer is preferred over a voltmeter for such measurements. (Years: 2018, 2022)

Moving Charges and Magnetism

• Derive the expression for the force acting on a charged particle moving in a uniform magnetic field. (Years: 2018, 2020, 2023)
• State Biot-Savart law. Use it to derive the expression for the magnetic field at the center of a circular loop carrying current. (Years: 2017, 2021)

Electromagnetic Induction

• State Faraday’s laws of electromagnetic induction and derive the expression for induced EMF in a coil. (Years: 2015, 2018, 2021)
• Explain the working of an AC generator with a labeled diagram. (Years: 2017, 2020)

Alternating Current

• Derive the expression for the impedance of an LCR series circuit. (Years: 2017, 2020)
• Explain the concept of resonance in an AC circuit. What is the condition for resonance? (Years: 2018, 2021)

Ray Optics and Optical Instruments

• Derive the lens maker’s formula for a convex lens. (Years: 2016, 2018, 2022)
• Explain total internal reflection with two conditions for it to occur. (Years: 2017, 2020)

Chapter 10: Wave Optics

• State the conditions for constructive and destructive interference in Young's Double Slit Experiment (YDSE). (Years: 2018, 2020, 2023)
• Define wavefront and explain the types (spherical, plane, and cylindrical wavefronts). (Years: 2017, 2019)
• Explain Huygens' principle and use it to prove the laws of reflection or refraction. (Years: 2016, 2018, 2022)
• Derive the condition for constructive and destructive interference in YDSE. (Years: 2015, 2021)

Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation

• State Einstein’s photoelectric equation and explain its significance. (Years: 2018, 2021)
• Derive the expression for the de Broglie wavelength of a particle. (Years: 2016, 2020)

Atoms

Explain Bohr’s postulates and derive the expression for the radius of an electron’s orbit in a hydrogen atom. (Years: 2017, 2020)

Nuclei

Explain the binding energy curve and its significance. (Years: 2015, 2020)

Semiconductor Electronics

• Explain the working of a p-n junction diode. (Years: 2017, 2020, 2022)
• Draw the output waveform for the half-wave and full-wave rectifier. (Years: 2016, 2021)