- We’re on your favourite socials!
Ajmer (Rajasthan)
Gallery
Written By Ashish Singh - Content Writer
Updated on - Mar 11, 2026 12:50 PM IST
About Central University of Rajasthan PhD
Central University of Rajasthan PhD is a 5 Years program offered in multiple specializations. To be eligible for a PhD degree at the Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, candidates must have a Master's degree in a relevant field from a recognized university with a minimum of 55% aggregate marks. Additionally, candidates must have qualified in a national level entrance exam such as NET, GATE, or equivalent. Prior research experience and publications in reputed journals will be an added advantage. The selection process may also include a written test and/or interview to assess the candidate's research aptitude and potential. It is important for applicants to carefully review the specific eligibility criteria and application process outlined by the university before applying for the PhD program. The annual fee for PhD is INR 16,610. More details about eligibility criteria, fees, admission process, selection criteria, application fees, how to apply, and important dates for Central University of Rajasthan PhD admission are given below:
Read Less
Central University of Rajasthan PhD Fees
Central University of Rajasthan PhD fees is 16,610 INR (Yearly). Central University of Rajasthan PhD admission is offered on the basis of the merit of the qualifying exam.
Read Less
Central University of Rajasthan PhD Courses and Fees Details
| Course | Duration | Fees |
| Ph.D in Hindi | 3 Years | ₹16,610 |
| Ph.D in English | 3 Years | ₹16,610 |
| Ph.D in Sports Psychology | 3 Years | ₹16,610 |
| Ph.D in Chemistry | 3 Years | ₹16,610 |
| Ph.D in Pharmacy | 3 Years | ₹16,610 |
| Ph.D in Yoga | 3 Years | ₹16,610 |
| Ph.D in Physics | 3 Years | ₹16,610 |
| Ph.D in Economics | 3 Years | ₹16,610 |
| Ph.D in Management | 3 Years | ₹16,610 |
| Ph.D in Mathematics | 3 Years | ₹16,610 |
| Ph.D in Architecture | 3 Years | ₹16,610 |
| Ph.D in Biotechnology | 3 Years | ₹16,610 |
| Ph.D in Commerce | 3 Years | ₹16,610 |
| Ph.D in Statistics | 3 Years | ₹16,610 |
| Ph.D in Computer Science | 3 Years | ₹16,610 |
| Ph.D in Computer Science and Engineering | 3 Years | ₹16,610 |
| Ph.D in Microbiology | 3 Years | ₹16,610 |
| Ph.D in Biochemistry | 3 Years | ₹16,610 |
| Ph.D in Culture and Media Studies | 3 Years | ₹16,610 |
| Ph.D in Environmental Science | 3 Years | ₹16,610 |
| Ph.D in Electronics and Communication Engineering | 3 Years | ₹16,610 |
| Ph.D in Linguistics | 3 Years | ₹16,610 |
| Ph.D in Social Work | 3 Years | ₹16,610 |
| Ph.D in Public Policy,Law and Governance | 3 Years | ₹16,610 |
| Ph.D in Education | 3 Years | ₹16,610 |
| Ph.D in Atmospheric Science | 3 Years | ₹16,610 |
| Ph.D in Sports Biosciences | 3 Years | ₹16,610 |
Read Less
Central University of Rajasthan PhD Highlights
The table below lists the key details of Central University of Rajasthan PhD, including its duration, admission process, program type, and available specializations.
| Particulars | Admission Details |
| Duration | 3 Years |
| Program Mode | Regular |
| Specializations | Hindi, English, Psychology, Pharmacy, Chemistry |
| Application Form | Online |
| Official Website | https://www.curaj.ac.in/ |
27 Courses are offered by Central University of Rajasthan
Ph.D in Hindi
3 Years CourseFull -Time
Fees - ₹16,610 / (Annual)
Placement data coming soonPlacement statistics information will be updated once available
Cutoff & Eligibility
Eligibility
To be eligible for a PhD degree at the Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, candidates must have a Master's degree in a relevant field from a recognized university with a minimum of 55% aggregate marks. Additionally, candidates must have qualified in a national level entrance exam such as NET, GATE, or equivalent. Prior research experience and publications in reputed journals will be an added advantage. The selection process may also include a written test and/or interview to assess the candidate's research aptitude and potential. It is important for applicants to carefully review the specific eligibility criteria and application process outlined by the university before applying for the PhD program.
Ph.D in English
3 Years CourseFull -Time
Fees - ₹16,610 / (Annual)Placement data coming soonPlacement statistics information will be updated once available
Cutoff & Eligibility
Eligibility
To be eligible for a PhD degree at the Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, candidates must have a Master's degree in a relevant field from a recognized university with a minimum of 55% aggregate marks. Additionally, candidates must have qualified in a national level entrance exam such as NET, GATE, or equivalent. Prior research experience and publications in reputed journals will be an added advantage. The selection process may also include a written test and/or interview to assess the candidate's research aptitude and potential. It is important for applicants to carefully review the specific eligibility criteria and application process outlined by the university before applying for the PhD program.
Ph.D in Sports Psychology
3 Years CourseFull -Time
Fees - ₹16,610 / (Annual)Placement data coming soonPlacement statistics information will be updated once available
Cutoff & Eligibility
Eligibility
To be eligible for a PhD degree at the Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, candidates must have a Master's degree in a relevant field from a recognized university with a minimum of 55% aggregate marks. Additionally, candidates must have qualified in a national level entrance exam such as NET, GATE, or equivalent. Prior research experience and publications in reputed journals will be an added advantage. The selection process may also include a written test and/or interview to assess the candidate's research aptitude and potential. It is important for applicants to carefully review the specific eligibility criteria and application process outlined by the university before applying for the PhD program.
Ph.D in Chemistry
3 Years CourseFull -Time
Fees - ₹16,610 / (Annual)Placement data coming soonPlacement statistics information will be updated once available
Cutoff & Eligibility
Eligibility
To be eligible for a PhD degree at the Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, candidates must have a Master's degree in a relevant field from a recognized university with a minimum of 55% aggregate marks. Additionally, candidates must have qualified in a national level entrance exam such as NET, GATE, or equivalent. Prior research experience and publications in reputed journals will be an added advantage. The selection process may also include a written test and/or interview to assess the candidate's research aptitude and potential. It is important for applicants to carefully review the specific eligibility criteria and application process outlined by the university before applying for the PhD program.
Ph.D in Pharmacy
3 Years CourseFull -Time
Fees - ₹16,610 / (Annual)Placement data coming soonPlacement statistics information will be updated once available
Cutoff & Eligibility
Eligibility
To be eligible for a PhD degree at the Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, candidates must have a Master's degree in a relevant field from a recognized university with a minimum of 55% aggregate marks. Additionally, candidates must have qualified in a national level entrance exam such as NET, GATE, or equivalent. Prior research experience and publications in reputed journals will be an added advantage. The selection process may also include a written test and/or interview to assess the candidate's research aptitude and potential. It is important for applicants to carefully review the specific eligibility criteria and application process outlined by the university before applying for the PhD program.
Ph.D in Yoga
3 Years CourseFull -Time
Fees - ₹16,610 / (Annual)Placement data coming soonPlacement statistics information will be updated once available
Cutoff & Eligibility
Eligibility
To be eligible for a PhD degree at the Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, candidates must have a Master's degree in a relevant field from a recognized university with a minimum of 55% aggregate marks. Additionally, candidates must have qualified in a national level entrance exam such as NET, GATE, or equivalent. Prior research experience and publications in reputed journals will be an added advantage. The selection process may also include a written test and/or interview to assess the candidate's research aptitude and potential. It is important for applicants to carefully review the specific eligibility criteria and application process outlined by the university before applying for the PhD program.
Ph.D in Physics
3 Years CourseFull -Time
Fees - ₹16,610 / (Annual)Placement data coming soonPlacement statistics information will be updated once available
Cutoff & Eligibility
Eligibility
To be eligible for a PhD degree at the Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, candidates must have a Master's degree in a relevant field from a recognized university with a minimum of 55% aggregate marks. Additionally, candidates must have qualified in a national level entrance exam such as NET, GATE, or equivalent. Prior research experience and publications in reputed journals will be an added advantage. The selection process may also include a written test and/or interview to assess the candidate's research aptitude and potential. It is important for applicants to carefully review the specific eligibility criteria and application process outlined by the university before applying for the PhD program.
Ph.D in Economics
3 Years CourseFull -Time
Fees - ₹16,610 / (Annual)Placement data coming soonPlacement statistics information will be updated once available
Cutoff & Eligibility
Eligibility
To be eligible for a PhD degree at the Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, candidates must have a Master's degree in a relevant field from a recognized university with a minimum of 55% aggregate marks. Additionally, candidates must have qualified in a national level entrance exam such as NET, GATE, or equivalent. Prior research experience and publications in reputed journals will be an added advantage. The selection process may also include a written test and/or interview to assess the candidate's research aptitude and potential. It is important for applicants to carefully review the specific eligibility criteria and application process outlined by the university before applying for the PhD program.
Ph.D in Management
3 Years CourseFull -Time
Fees - ₹16,610 / (Annual)Placement data coming soonPlacement statistics information will be updated once available
Cutoff & Eligibility
Eligibility
To be eligible for a PhD degree at the Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, candidates must have a Master's degree in a relevant field from a recognized university with a minimum of 55% aggregate marks. Additionally, candidates must have qualified in a national level entrance exam such as NET, GATE, or equivalent. Prior research experience and publications in reputed journals will be an added advantage. The selection process may also include a written test and/or interview to assess the candidate's research aptitude and potential. It is important for applicants to carefully review the specific eligibility criteria and application process outlined by the university before applying for the PhD program.
Ph.D in Mathematics
3 Years CourseFull -Time
Fees - ₹16,610 / (Annual)Placement data coming soonPlacement statistics information will be updated once available
Cutoff & Eligibility
Eligibility
To be eligible for a PhD degree at the Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, candidates must have a Master's degree in a relevant field from a recognized university with a minimum of 55% aggregate marks. Additionally, candidates must have qualified in a national level entrance exam such as NET, GATE, or equivalent. Prior research experience and publications in reputed journals will be an added advantage. The selection process may also include a written test and/or interview to assess the candidate's research aptitude and potential. It is important for applicants to carefully review the specific eligibility criteria and application process outlined by the university before applying for the PhD program.
Ph.D in Architecture
3 Years CourseFull -Time
Fees - ₹16,610 / (Annual)Placement data coming soonPlacement statistics information will be updated once available
Cutoff & Eligibility
Eligibility
To be eligible for a PhD degree at the Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, candidates must have a Master's degree in a relevant field from a recognized university with a minimum of 55% aggregate marks. Additionally, candidates must have qualified in a national level entrance exam such as NET, GATE, or equivalent. Prior research experience and publications in reputed journals will be an added advantage. The selection process may also include a written test and/or interview to assess the candidate's research aptitude and potential. It is important for applicants to carefully review the specific eligibility criteria and application process outlined by the university before applying for the PhD program.
Ph.D in Biotechnology
3 Years CourseFull -Time
Fees - ₹16,610 / (Annual)Placement data coming soonPlacement statistics information will be updated once available
Cutoff & Eligibility
Eligibility
To be eligible for a PhD degree at the Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, candidates must have a Master's degree in a relevant field from a recognized university with a minimum of 55% aggregate marks. Additionally, candidates must have qualified in a national level entrance exam such as NET, GATE, or equivalent. Prior research experience and publications in reputed journals will be an added advantage. The selection process may also include a written test and/or interview to assess the candidate's research aptitude and potential. It is important for applicants to carefully review the specific eligibility criteria and application process outlined by the university before applying for the PhD program.
Ph.D in Commerce
3 Years CourseFull -Time
Fees - ₹16,610 / (Annual)Placement data coming soonPlacement statistics information will be updated once available
Cutoff & Eligibility
Eligibility
To be eligible for a PhD degree at the Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, candidates must have a Master's degree in a relevant field from a recognized university with a minimum of 55% aggregate marks. Additionally, candidates must have qualified in a national level entrance exam such as NET, GATE, or equivalent. Prior research experience and publications in reputed journals will be an added advantage. The selection process may also include a written test and/or interview to assess the candidate's research aptitude and potential. It is important for applicants to carefully review the specific eligibility criteria and application process outlined by the university before applying for the PhD program.
Ph.D in Statistics
3 Years CourseFull -Time
Fees - ₹16,610 / (Annual)Placement data coming soonPlacement statistics information will be updated once available
Cutoff & Eligibility
Eligibility
To be eligible for a PhD degree at the Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, candidates must have a Master's degree in a relevant field from a recognized university with a minimum of 55% aggregate marks. Additionally, candidates must have qualified in a national level entrance exam such as NET, GATE, or equivalent. Prior research experience and publications in reputed journals will be an added advantage. The selection process may also include a written test and/or interview to assess the candidate's research aptitude and potential. It is important for applicants to carefully review the specific eligibility criteria and application process outlined by the university before applying for the PhD program.
Ph.D in Computer Science
3 Years CourseFull -Time
Fees - ₹16,610 / (Annual)Placement data coming soonPlacement statistics information will be updated once available
Cutoff & Eligibility
Eligibility
To be eligible for a PhD degree at the Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, candidates must have a Master's degree in a relevant field from a recognized university with a minimum of 55% aggregate marks. Additionally, candidates must have qualified in a national level entrance exam such as NET, GATE, or equivalent. Prior research experience and publications in reputed journals will be an added advantage. The selection process may also include a written test and/or interview to assess the candidate's research aptitude and potential. It is important for applicants to carefully review the specific eligibility criteria and application process outlined by the university before applying for the PhD program.
Ph.D in Computer Science and Engineering
3 Years CourseFull -Time
Fees - ₹16,610 / (Annual)Placement data coming soonPlacement statistics information will be updated once available
Cutoff & Eligibility
Eligibility
To be eligible for a PhD degree at the Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, candidates must have a Master's degree in a relevant field from a recognized university with a minimum of 55% aggregate marks. Additionally, candidates must have qualified in a national level entrance exam such as NET, GATE, or equivalent. Prior research experience and publications in reputed journals will be an added advantage. The selection process may also include a written test and/or interview to assess the candidate's research aptitude and potential. It is important for applicants to carefully review the specific eligibility criteria and application process outlined by the university before applying for the PhD program.
Ph.D in Microbiology
3 Years CourseFull -Time
Fees - ₹16,610 / (Annual)Placement data coming soonPlacement statistics information will be updated once available
Cutoff & Eligibility
Eligibility
To be eligible for a PhD degree at the Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, candidates must have a Master's degree in a relevant field from a recognized university with a minimum of 55% aggregate marks. Additionally, candidates must have qualified in a national level entrance exam such as NET, GATE, or equivalent. Prior research experience and publications in reputed journals will be an added advantage. The selection process may also include a written test and/or interview to assess the candidate's research aptitude and potential. It is important for applicants to carefully review the specific eligibility criteria and application process outlined by the university before applying for the PhD program.
Ph.D in Biochemistry
3 Years CourseFull -Time
Fees - ₹16,610 / (Annual)Placement data coming soonPlacement statistics information will be updated once available
Cutoff & Eligibility
Eligibility
To be eligible for a PhD degree at the Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, candidates must have a Master's degree in a relevant field from a recognized university with a minimum of 55% aggregate marks. Additionally, candidates must have qualified in a national level entrance exam such as NET, GATE, or equivalent. Prior research experience and publications in reputed journals will be an added advantage. The selection process may also include a written test and/or interview to assess the candidate's research aptitude and potential. It is important for applicants to carefully review the specific eligibility criteria and application process outlined by the university before applying for the PhD program.
Ph.D in Culture and Media Studies
3 Years CourseFull -Time
Fees - ₹16,610 / (Annual)Placement data coming soonPlacement statistics information will be updated once available
Cutoff & Eligibility
Eligibility
To be eligible for a PhD degree at the Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, candidates must have a Master's degree in a relevant field from a recognized university with a minimum of 55% aggregate marks. Additionally, candidates must have qualified in a national level entrance exam such as NET, GATE, or equivalent. Prior research experience and publications in reputed journals will be an added advantage. The selection process may also include a written test and/or interview to assess the candidate's research aptitude and potential. It is important for applicants to carefully review the specific eligibility criteria and application process outlined by the university before applying for the PhD program.
Ph.D in Environmental Science
3 Years CourseFull -Time
Fees - ₹16,610 / (Annual)Placement data coming soonPlacement statistics information will be updated once available
Cutoff & Eligibility
Eligibility
To be eligible for a PhD degree at the Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, candidates must have a Master's degree in a relevant field from a recognized university with a minimum of 55% aggregate marks. Additionally, candidates must have qualified in a national level entrance exam such as NET, GATE, or equivalent. Prior research experience and publications in reputed journals will be an added advantage. The selection process may also include a written test and/or interview to assess the candidate's research aptitude and potential. It is important for applicants to carefully review the specific eligibility criteria and application process outlined by the university before applying for the PhD program.
Ph.D in Electronics and Communication Engineering
3 Years CourseFull -Time
Fees - ₹16,610 / (Annual)Placement data coming soonPlacement statistics information will be updated once available
Cutoff & Eligibility
Eligibility
To be eligible for a PhD degree at the Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, candidates must have a Master's degree in a relevant field from a recognized university with a minimum of 55% aggregate marks. Additionally, candidates must have qualified in a national level entrance exam such as NET, GATE, or equivalent. Prior research experience and publications in reputed journals will be an added advantage. The selection process may also include a written test and/or interview to assess the candidate's research aptitude and potential. It is important for applicants to carefully review the specific eligibility criteria and application process outlined by the university before applying for the PhD program.
Ph.D in Linguistics
3 Years CourseFull -Time
Fees - ₹16,610 / (Annual)Placement data coming soonPlacement statistics information will be updated once available
Cutoff & Eligibility
Eligibility
To be eligible for a PhD degree at the Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, candidates must have a Master's degree in a relevant field from a recognized university with a minimum of 55% aggregate marks. Additionally, candidates must have qualified in a national level entrance exam such as NET, GATE, or equivalent. Prior research experience and publications in reputed journals will be an added advantage. The selection process may also include a written test and/or interview to assess the candidate's research aptitude and potential. It is important for applicants to carefully review the specific eligibility criteria and application process outlined by the university before applying for the PhD program.
Ph.D in Social Work
3 Years CourseFull -Time
Fees - ₹16,610 / (Annual)Placement data coming soonPlacement statistics information will be updated once available
Cutoff & Eligibility
Eligibility
To be eligible for a PhD degree at the Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, candidates must have a Master's degree in a relevant field from a recognized university with a minimum of 55% aggregate marks. Additionally, candidates must have qualified in a national level entrance exam such as NET, GATE, or equivalent. Prior research experience and publications in reputed journals will be an added advantage. The selection process may also include a written test and/or interview to assess the candidate's research aptitude and potential. It is important for applicants to carefully review the specific eligibility criteria and application process outlined by the university before applying for the PhD program.
Ph.D in Public Policy,Law and Governance
3 Years CourseFull -Time
Fees - ₹16,610 / (Annual)Placement data coming soonPlacement statistics information will be updated once available
Cutoff & Eligibility
Eligibility
To be eligible for a PhD degree at the Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, candidates must have a Master's degree in a relevant field from a recognized university with a minimum of 55% aggregate marks. Additionally, candidates must have qualified in a national level entrance exam such as NET, GATE, or equivalent. Prior research experience and publications in reputed journals will be an added advantage. The selection process may also include a written test and/or interview to assess the candidate's research aptitude and potential. It is important for applicants to carefully review the specific eligibility criteria and application process outlined by the university before applying for the PhD program.
Ph.D in Education
3 Years CourseFull -Time
Fees - ₹16,610 / (Annual)Placement data coming soonPlacement statistics information will be updated once available
Cutoff & Eligibility
Eligibility
To be eligible for a PhD degree at the Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, candidates must have a Master's degree in a relevant field from a recognized university with a minimum of 55% aggregate marks. Additionally, candidates must have qualified in a national level entrance exam such as NET, GATE, or equivalent. Prior research experience and publications in reputed journals will be an added advantage. The selection process may also include a written test and/or interview to assess the candidate's research aptitude and potential. It is important for applicants to carefully review the specific eligibility criteria and application process outlined by the university before applying for the PhD program.
Ph.D in Atmospheric Science
3 Years CourseFull -Time
Fees - ₹16,610 / (Annual)Placement data coming soonPlacement statistics information will be updated once available
Cutoff & Eligibility
Eligibility
To be eligible for a PhD degree at the Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, candidates must have a Master's degree in a relevant field from a recognized university with a minimum of 55% aggregate marks. Additionally, candidates must have qualified in a national level entrance exam such as NET, GATE, or equivalent. Prior research experience and publications in reputed journals will be an added advantage. The selection process may also include a written test and/or interview to assess the candidate's research aptitude and potential. It is important for applicants to carefully review the specific eligibility criteria and application process outlined by the university before applying for the PhD program.
Ph.D in Sports Biosciences
3 Years CourseFull -Time
Fees - ₹16,610 / (Annual)Placement data coming soonPlacement statistics information will be updated once available
Cutoff & Eligibility
Eligibility
To be eligible for a PhD degree at the Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, candidates must have a Master's degree in a relevant field from a recognized university with a minimum of 55% aggregate marks. Additionally, candidates must have qualified in a national level entrance exam such as NET, GATE, or equivalent. Prior research experience and publications in reputed journals will be an added advantage. The selection process may also include a written test and/or interview to assess the candidate's research aptitude and potential. It is important for applicants to carefully review the specific eligibility criteria and application process outlined by the university before applying for the PhD program.
Central University of Rajasthan PhD Eligibility Criteria
To be eligible for a PhD degree at the Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, candidates must have a Master's degree in a relevant field from a recognized university with a minimum of 55% aggregate marks. Additionally, candidates must have qualified in a national level entrance exam such as NET, GATE, or equivalent. Prior research experience and publications in reputed journals will be an added advantage. The selection process may also include a written test and/or interview to assess the candidate's research aptitude and potential. It is important for applicants to carefully review the specific eligibility criteria and application process outlined by the university before applying for the PhD program.
Read Less
Central University of Rajasthan PhD Admission 2026
Admission to the PhD at Central University of Rajasthan is subject to meeting the eligibility criteria. All shortlisted candidates have to complete the Central University of Rajasthan PhD admission process by getting their documents verified and paying the admission fee.
Central University of Rajasthan PhD Application Process
Central University of Rajasthan PhD application form has to be submitted online by visiting the official website. Candidates aspiring to take admission to the PhD course at Central University of Rajasthan have to first check and meet the eligibility criteria and then proceed further with the application process.
Steps to fill Central University of Rajasthan PhD application form:
- Step 1: Visit the official website of Central University of Rajasthan and click on ‘apply online’.
- Step 2: Now, you will be redirected to the admission page of Central University of Rajasthan. Complete the registration process and create a profile.
- Step 3: Fill in all details available in the Central University of Rajasthan PhD application form.
- Step 4: Now pay the Central University of Rajasthan PhD application fee and click on submit button.
- Step 5: After the submission, keep a hard copy of Central University of Rajasthan PhD Application Form.
Documents Required for Central University of Rajasthan PhD Admission:
- Marks sheet of class 10th standard
- Marks sheet of class 12th standard
- Mark sheet of graduation
- Transfer certificate (if required)
- Character certificate
- Passport-size photographs
Show Less
Top Courses at Central University of Rajasthan
Central University of Rajasthan BSc+MScCentral University of Rajasthan B.TechCentral University of Rajasthan MScCentral University of Rajasthan MACentral University of Rajasthan M.TechCentral University of Rajasthan M.PharmCentral University of Rajasthan MBACentral University of Rajasthan M.ArchCentral University of Rajasthan M.ComCentral University of Rajasthan PGDCentral University of Rajasthan PhD
Show Less
Similar Colleges
- Colleges in Ajmer
- Central University of Rajasthan
- Central University of Rajasthan Courses & Fees
- Ph.D. (Doctor of Philosophy)
