Bachelor of Arts in Economics or BA Economics subjects are centred on the foundation course topics like: microeconomics, macroeconomics, econometrics, and mathematical economics. It is through these core subjects that students develop essential skills of quantitative ability and critical thinking. In addition, the BA in Economics course also includes connected specialised subjects like public economics, finance markets, development and international trade, which can help the students to custom fit according to their career goals and aspirations.
Students through taking the BA Economics as a course learn data literacy and critical thinking, which include advanced analytical skills. Such skills put students on the path to well-paid, professionally challenging careers. A diverse range of economics skills are in high demand by organisations engaged in fields such as public policy, management consulting, statistics analysis, journalism, finance, and entrepreneurship. Such employers recruit those who have received a well-balanced education in both theory and data analysis. At the starting salary for BA Economics graduates it usually is around INR 3,60,000, and it grows to INR 30,00,000 and more by the time an individual rises to a management role.
As the digital platform in sectors such as e-commerce, digital finance, and data analytics, are increasing, the Indian economics graduates have multiple career opportunities to explore. Their elixir of statistical, logical, and economic thinking techniques is crucial in these new tech-focused positions. In addition to domain knowledge, a BA Economics degree also cocreates a versatile thinking that is applicable in different transitions. This makes them highly capable of functioning in a wide range of work environments.
Candidates can check the details related to the BA Economics syllabus and course in the table below:
Particulars | Details |
---|---|
Course Name | BA Economics |
Full Name | Bachelor of Arts in Economics |
Course Level | Undergraduation |
Course Mode | Full Time, Distance Learning, Online |
Course Eligibility Criteria | Class 12th Board exams with at least 50% aggregate marks |
Duration | 3 Years |
Top Entrance Exams | CUET, BHU UET, Symbiosis Entrance Test, NPAT, PUCET |
Course Fee | Up to INR 5 lakh |
Average Salary | INR 3 to 6 lakh |
Top Recruiting Companies | KPMG, The Economist, World Bank, IMF, CRISIL |
Top Colleges/Universities for BA Economics Syllabus | Delhi University, IPU, BHU, JMI, Aligarh Muslim University, Chitkara University, Chandigarh University, etc. |
All BA Economics subjects are taught to help undergraduates expand their understanding of economics. The syllabus includes a vast variety of topics ranging from Financial Systems to Foreign Economics Theory. Provided below are the BA Economics subjects that are covered in the course duration of 3 years.
Check out the first-year BA Economics syllabus below:
Semester I | Semester II |
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Evolution and Definition of Economics | Economics of Scale |
Nature & Scope of Economics | Perfect Competition Characteristics |
Methods of Economics Analysis | Accounting, Opportunity, Total Fixed and Variable Costs |
Inductive and Deductive Logic, Merit, and Demerits. | Market Equilibrium |
Utility Demand, Supply | Concept of Revenue |
Cardinal (Marshal) and Ordinal Utility | Total, Marginal & Average Revenue |
Value and Price | Break-Even Point |
Market | Concept and Classification |
Commodities and their types | Marginal & Average Costs & their relationship |
Demand- Supply Equilibrium | Price and Output Determination for Firm and Industry |
Price, Income and Substitution effects | Different Concepts of Costs Explicit & Implicit |
Administered and Non- Non-Administered Prices | Characteristics and Price- Output Determination |
Indifference Curve: Consumer equilibrium (Hichs & Slutsky) | Price Discrimination |
Factors of Production and their Characteristics | Monopolistic Competition |
Approaches to Demand | Characteristics Price - Output Determination |
Elasticity of Demand | Factor Pricing |
Price, Income, and Cross Elasticity | Theory of Marginal Productivity of Distribution |
Laws of Production | Interest: Concept, Classical and Keynesian Theories of Interest |
Derivation of Demand Curve | Theories of Wages and Rent: Classical and Modern |
Law of Variable Proportion | Concept of Adding up Theorem |
Returns to Factor and Return to Scale | Profit: Net and Gross |
Producers Equilibrium | Theories of Profit |
Isoquants Nature and Their Characteristics | – |
Captured below are the BA Economics course subjects that are a part of the second-year syllabus:
Semester III | Semester IV |
---|---|
Structure of Indian Economy - Primary, Secondary & Tertiary Sectors | The infrastructure of the Indian Economy |
Natural Resources, Land, Water, Forest | Irrigation, Power, Transport, Communication |
Mineral Resources | Banking and Insurance |
Demographic Features | Human Infrastructure of the Indian Economy |
Population, Size, Sex, Rural-Urban Classification | Health, Nutrition, Education, Knowledge, and Skills |
Population Distribution | Housing and Sanitation |
Recent National Population Policy | Planning in India- Objectives, Types, Strategy |
Agriculture: Nature and Importance | Analysis of Current Five-Year Plan |
Land Use Pattern | Economy- Land, land Utilization Pattern |
Trends in Agriculture Production and Productivity | Natural Resources- Forest, Water & Mineral |
Agricultural Marketing | Agro-Climatic Zones |
Land Reforms: Green Revolution | Demographic Features of M.P. |
Rural Credit | Agricultural Situation in the Economy |
Cropping Pattern | Cropping Pattern |
Mechanization | Production and Productivity of Main Corps, |
Small Scale and Cottage Industries- Meaning, Importance and Problems | Sources of Credit in Agriculture, Irrigation |
Check out the BA Economics subjects for the third year here:
Semester V | Semester VI |
---|---|
Macro Variables- Stock and Flow | Public Finance and Public Economics |
Concept of Accelerator | Inflation, Deflation, and Recession |
Concept of National Income- GDP, GNP | Market and State- Role and Functions |
Keynesian Theory of Employment | Principle of Maximum Social Advantage |
National Income and Economic Welfare | Sources of Revenue- Taxes, Loans, Grants, and Aids |
Classical Theory of Employment | Canons of Taxation |
Measurement of National Income and Social Accounting in India | Principles of Public Expenditure |
Aggregate Demand and Supply Functions | Principles of Public Debt and Methods of Redaction |
Effective Demand | Wagener’s Law- Increasing Activities |
Simple Investment | Public Finance in India |
Circular Flow of income | Fiscal Deficit |
Consumption Function | Effects of Public Expenditure on Production and Distribution. |
Factors Affecting Consumption | Public, Private, and Merits Goods |
Average and Marginal Propensities to Consume | Concept and Types of Budget |
Investment Function | Constitution and Function of Finance Commission |
Saving Function & Sources of Saving Mobilization | Deficit Financing and Deficit Budget |
Factors Affecting Capital Formation | The Stock of Money and its Measures |
Marginal Efficiency of Capital | Recommendation of Latest Finance Commission |
- | Latest Budget |
- | Cash Transaction and Cash Balance Approaches. |
- | Bank- Meaning and Types |
- | Objectives and Limitations of Monetary Policy |
- | Demand-Pull and Cost-Push Inflation |
BA Economics syllabus comprises both core and elective courses. Here are the various main BA Economics Subjects taught in the programme. Candidates must note that some BA Economics subjects are related to social science while some are related to mathematimiddle-incomecs.
Subjects | Description of Subjects |
---|---|
Macroeconomics | The subject largely focuses on the performance of economies such as inflation, changes in economic output, the balance of payments and interest and foreign exchange rates. |
Microeconomics | The subject briefs about what is expected to happen (tendencies) when an individual makes choices in response to changes in prices, incentives, methods of production, and/ or resources. |
Indian Economy | The Indian Economy is a middle income developing market economy. This subject is a complete study on the nation’s Economy and all aspects of the system which manages the Economic activities of India. |
Economics Statistics | Closely related to econometrics and business statistics, Economics Statistics is all about the dissemination, collection, compilation, processing, and analysis of economic data. |
Econometrics | The subject uses mathematics, statistical inference and economic theory to quantify economic phenomena. In other words, in this subject candidates learn about how to turn theoretical economic models into useful tools for economic policymaking. |
History of Economics | It is a compiled study of the philosophies of the several theories and thinkers that later became political economy and economics. It covers the development of the Indian economy from the ancient world to the present day. |
Based on typical BA economics curriculum, here are some common subjects that are often required across multiple semesters:
Principles of Microeconomics - Introduces supply and demand, consumer/ firm behaviour, market structures. Usually taken in 1st year.
Principles of Macroeconomics - Covers broader economy like GDP, unemployment, inflation. Also 1st year.
Intermediate Microeconomics - 2nd year, goes deeper into consumer/ firm theory, market failures.
Intermediate Macroeconomics - 2nd year, expands on macro models, fiscal/ monetary policy.
Mathematical Economics - Covers mathematical models used in economics.
Econometrics - Introduces statistical methods for economic data analysis. Often 2nd or 3rd year.
Economic Statistics - Focuses on economic data sources, analysis, inference.
Electives - Fields like international economics, public economics, labour economics.
Other common core subjects:
Microeconomic Theory
Macroeconomic Theory
History of Economic Thought
Political Economy
Economics Research Methods
The order may vary, but these foundational theory, statistical, and mathematical courses tend to be requirements across multiple semesters for a BA in Economics course.
There are only two major (one national-level and other university-level) entrance exams for admission to BA Economics course in India, one is CUET UG and the other one is IPU CET. However, there are many institutions that conduct their own entrance tests to admit candidates to the BA Economics programme. Most of these entrance exams are mostly done for either BA Economics Hons or B.Sc Economics with/ without Hons. degree.
Here’s the CUET UG 2024 and IPU CET 2024 syllabus for BA Economics:
The BA Economics CUET UG syllabus covers subjects like microeconomics, macroeconomics, mathematical economics, statistics, econometrics, development economics, environment economics, public economics, money and banking, international economics, growth and development economics. Students will need to have a conceptual understanding of these topics and apply economic reasoning to solve problems. The exam will test logical reasoning skills, quantitative ability, and language comprehension as applicable to the domain of Economics.
The BA Economics IPU CET syllabus broadly covers micro and macro economics, statistical and mathematical economics. The major topics include theory of consumer behavior and demand, production, cost analysis, market structures and price determination, national income accounting, determination of income and employment, money and banking, balance of payments, economic growth and development as well as statistical tools like measures of central tendency, correlation and regression. A strong grasp over the principles of economics, ability to analyze real world situations from an economic perspective and apply mathematical and statistical tools are tested in the exam.
While the choice of elective subjects for a BA Economics program may vary across universities, the UGC in India provides general guidelines rather than a specific list of elective subjects. However, here's a compilation of some of the most popular and commonly offered elective subjects for BA Economics students. Please note that the availability of these electives may depend on the specific BA Economics syllabus of the university you are enrolled in:
Semester 3 | Semester 4 |
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Semester 5 | Semester 6 |
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BA Economics is offered through regular mode as well as Distance mode. In distance mode, candidates not only have the flexibility of time but also they are taught BA Economics course subjects through online mode. The course fees for BA Economics Distance Courses are also less when compared to the traditional courses. The BA Economics Syllabus for distance courses is very similar to the regular BA Economics syllabus. The semester-wise topics and subjects that are often included in the course curriculum of a distance learning programme are as follows:
Semester I | Semester II |
---|---|
Evolution and Definition of Economics | Economies of Scale |
Methods of Economics Analysis | Concept of Revenue |
Inductive & Deductive Logic, Merit and Demerits | Marginal & Average Costs & their relationship |
Nature & Scope of Economics | Different Concepts of Costs Explicit & Implicit |
Administered and Non- Non-Administered Prices | Accounting, Opportunity, Total Fixed and Variable Costs |
Value and Price | Perfect Competition Characteristics |
Commodities and their types | Break Even Point |
Cardinal (Marshal) and Ordinal Utility | Total, Marginal & Average Revenue |
Utility Demand, Supply | Characteristics and Price- Output Determination |
Market | Concept and Classification |
Approaches to Demand | Market Equilibrium |
Demand- Supply equilibrium. | Price and Output Determination for Firm and Industry |
Indifference Curve: Consumer equilibrium (Hichs & Slutsky) | Monopolistic Competition |
Price, Income and Substitution effects | Theory of Marginal Productivity of Distribution |
Price, Income and Cross elasticity | Price Discrimination |
Derivation of Demand Curve | Characteristics Price- Output Determination |
Consumer Surplus and its measurement | Theories of Wages and Rent: Classical and Modern |
Elasticity of Demand | Factor Pricing |
Laws of Production | Interest: Concept, Classical and Keynesian Theories of Interest |
Returns to Factor and Return to Scale | Concept of Adding up Theorem |
Factors of Production and their Characteristics | Profit: Net and Gross |
Semester III | Semester IV |
Structure of Indian Economy – Primary, Secondary & Tertiary Sectors | Infrastructure of Indian Economy |
Population, Size, Sex, Rural-Urban Classification | Human Infrastructure of Indian Economy |
Population Distribution | Banking and Insurance |
Natural Resources, Land, Water, Forest | Sources of Credit in Agriculture, Irrigation |
Mineral Resources | Irrigation, Power, Transport, Communication |
Agriculture: Nature and Importance | Planning in India- Objectives, Types, Strategy |
Major Industries in India: Iron and Steel, Textile, Sugar, Cement, Automobiles | Agricultural Situation in Economy |
Demographic Features | Economy- Land, land Utilization Pattern |
Cropping Pattern | Housing and Sanitation. |
Land Reforms: Green Revolution | Health, Nutrition, Education, Knowledge and Skills |
Land Use Pattern | Demographic Features of M.P. |
Trends in Agriculture Production and Productivity | Analysis of Current Five- Year Plan |
Recent National Population Policy | Agro-Climatic Zones |
Mechanization | Production and Productivity of Main Corps, |
Rural Credit | Natural Resources- Forest, Water & Mineral |
Agricultural Marketing | Cropping Pattern |
Semester V | Semester VI |
Macro Variables- Stock and Flow | Public Finance and Public Economics |
Concept of National Income- GDP, GNP | Public, Private and Merits Goods |
National Income and Economic Welfare | Sources of Revenue- Taxes, Loans, Grants and Aids |
Measurement of National Income and Social Accounting in India | Market and State- Role and Functions |
Circular Flow of income | Principles of Public Debt and Methods of Redaction |
Consumption Function | Principle of Maximum Social Advantage |
Keynesian Theory of Employment | Public Finance in IndiaBanking and Insurance |
Classical Theory of Employment | Canons of Taxation |
Effective Demand | Principles of Public Expenditure |
Factors Affecting Consumption | Wagener’s Law- Increasing Activities |
Factors Affecting Capital Formation | Fiscal Deficit |
Simple Investment | Latest Budget |
Here are some of the most helpful and important BA Economics course books for your reference:
Category | Book Title | Author(s) |
---|---|---|
Introductory Microeconomics | Principles of Microeconomics | N. Gregory Mankiw |
Introductory Macroeconomics | Principles of Macroeconomics | N. Gregory Mankiw |
Intermediate Microeconomics | Microeconomic Theory: Basic Principles and Extensions | Hal Varian |
Intermediate Macroeconomics | Macroeconomics | Olivier Blanchard |
Econometrics | Introductory Econometrics: A Modern Approach | Jeffrey Wooldridge |
Indian Economy | Indian Economy | Ramesh Singh |
Indian Economy | Indian Economy | Uma Kapila (series) |
Economic Development | Development Economics | Debraj Ray |
In India, you study for a BA in Economics over three years which includes six semesters. During the initial two semesters, your studies are focused on basic subjects like microeconomics and macroeconomics, as well as mathematics, statistics and an introduction to econometrics while also completing courses that are needed for general education. Over the following four semesters, students will take more complex courses that include advanced microeconomics, macroeconomics and econometrics. They will also study public economics, money and financial institutions as well as international economics along with growth and development in economies.
The programme includes practical subjects like environmental economics, health-related economic studies and understanding of finances pertaining to agriculture or industries which vary based on the institution attended. Many programs require that students choose a specific area in economics and take between five to six classes on this topic during the last year.
The studies also concentrate on developing abilities for analyzing numbers, which are important for creating and assessing economic policies. Many universities include group projects, presentations and hands-on learning with software for economic analysis in their programs. This way of organizing the courses gives students a clear understanding of concepts and important technical abilities needed for jobs that use economic ideas in actual situations.
Electives offered in BA Economics can vary depending on the university, but some common options include:
- Behavioral Economics
- Game Theory
- Industrial Economics
- Agricultural Economics
- Health Economics
- Public Economics II
- Labor Economics
- International Finance
- Development Economics II
- Econometrics for Development Economics
Whether a BA Economics degree is suitable for you depends on your interests, goals, and aptitude for the subject. If you have a passion for economics, find joy in analyzing data, and possess problem-solving skills, then studying BA Economics subjects can be a valuable asset in your career. Graduates from BA Economics programs, equipped with a solid understanding of economic principles and theories, are well-prepared for diverse career paths in finance, business, government, and academia.
The course duration of BA Economics typically ranges from 3 to 4 years, depending on the specific program and whether it is pursued full-time or part-time. This translates to a total duration of approximately 36 to 48 months.
Certainly, BA Economics is available in the distance learning format at certain universities and institutions in India. Distance education programs offer flexibility and accessibility, catering to students who cannot participate in traditional classroom settings. The curriculum and syllabus for distance BA Economics programs usually mirror those of regular programs, with assessments conducted through a mix of assignments, examinations, and projects.
The BA Economics syllabus may pose challenges, particularly for those less familiar with mathematical and economic concepts. Nevertheless, success is entirely attainable with dedication and diligence. Staying organized, attending classes consistently, and reaching out to professors or tutors for assistance when necessary are essential strategies for overcoming these challenges.
Here is a compilation of the top 10 colleges in India for BA Economics admission:
- Delhi School of Economics (DSE), University of Delhi
- St. Xavier's College, Mumbai
- Presidency University, Kolkata
- Lady Shri Ram College for Women, University of Delhi
- Hindu College, University of Delhi
- Loyola College, Chennai
- Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi
- Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi
- Symbiosis School of Economics, Pune
- Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies (NMIMS), Mumbai
Upon achieving a BA in Economics, a myriad of job opportunities opens up in finance, banking, research, consulting, and government sectors. Graduates can delve into roles like financial analyst, economist, market researcher, data analyst, policy analyst, and more. Moreover, avenues in academia or teaching are available. Further studies for specialization within economics are also an option. The program equips individuals with a diverse skill set, widening the scope for varied and rewarding career paths.
The initial salary for a BA Economics graduate in India hinges on factors like the job role, employer, academic record, and skills. Generally, it falls between INR 3 to INR 5 lakhs annually. As professionals gain experience, their salaries can rise substantially. Experienced economists and analysts may earn over INR 8-10 lakhs per annum or even more based on their expertise and career trajectory.
Here is a straightforward comparison of BA Economics and BSc Economics syllabi:
- BA Economics: Emphasizes theoretical concepts and economic principles and focuses on understanding economic theories applied to real-world issues
- BSc Economics: Places a greater emphasis on quantitative and mathematical aspects and utilizes rigorous mathematical and statistical tools for economic analysis
In short, the BA Economics syllabus centres on theoretical foundations, while the BSc Economics syllabus delves into quantitative and mathematical dimensions.