AP ECET 2026 Metallurgical Engineering Syllabus PDF - Download Topic-wise Syllabus

Elementary Principles of Metallurgy 

• Introduction to metallurgy - ores/ ore dressing 
• Methods of sampling 
• Communication 
• Screening and classification 
• Minerals of commercially important metals 
• Principles and processes of pyro, hydro, and electrometallurgy 

Fuels, Refractories, and Pyrometry 

• Classification of solid, liquid, and gaseous fuels 
• Testing and properties of important fuels 
• Manufacture and selection of refractories
• Principles and operation of important pyrometers 

Metallurgical Thermodynamics 

• Introduction and applications of thermodynamics 
• First law of thermodynamics 
• Thermochemistry 
• Second law of thermodynamics 
• Ellingham diagrams 
• Fugacity/activity/ equilibrium constant 
• Phase equilibria 
• Solutions 

Physical Metallurgy 

• Structure of metals and alloys 
• Solidification
• Diffusion 
• Binary thermal equilibrium diagrams 
• Iron-carbon diagram 
• Important non-ferrous binary alloy systems 
• Microscopic and macroscopic examination of metals and alloys 

Heat Treatment Technology 

• Heat treatment of plain carbon steels 
• Annealing/ normalizing/ hardening/ tempering of steels 
• TTT diagrams 
• Hardenability 
• Grain size, quenching media 
• Alloy steel and the effect of alloying elements on plain carbon steel 
• Stainless steels/ tool steels 
• Case hardening techniques 
• Special heat treatment techniques: austempering/ martempering/sub-zero treatment 
• Heat treatment of non-ferrous metals and alloys 
• Age hardening 
• Heat treatment furnaces and atmospheres 

Ferrous Extractive Metallurgy 

• Iron ores and preparation of iron ores 
• Blast furnace plant and equipment 
• Blast furnace reactions 
• Irregularities and recent trends 
• Sponge iron and methods of production 
• Ferroalloys, types and applications 
• Steel making by Bessemer, LD, Kaldo, Open Hearth, & Electric Furnaces 
• New techniques in steel-making 
• Vacuum treatment of liquid steel 
• Ingot defects 
• Continuous casting 

Non-Ferrous Extractive Metallurgy 

• Extraction of copper 
• Pyro and hydrometallurgical methods and refining
• Aluminium 
• Extraction /Anode effect/ refining  
• Zinc and lead 
• Pyro and hydrometallurgical extraction and refining 
• Extraction of magnesium by Dows and pidgeon processes 
• Extraction of titanium by Kroll’s process 
• Refining by Van Arkell’s process
• Extraction of thorium and zirconium 

Material Testing 

• Tension test
• Stress-strain relationship 
• Necking phenomenon - ductile & brittle fracture 
• Griffith’s theory of brittle fracture 
• Hardness tests (principles & types)
• Impact testing (notched bar impact tests)
• Transition temperature 
• Fatigues, stress cycles, S-N diagram, factors affecting fatigue 
• Creep testing - creep curve
• Stress (rupture test)
• Non-destructive testing (principles/ methods/ applications of liquid penetrant)
• Radiography
• Ultrasonic magnetic particle 
• Eddy current test 

Mechanical Metallurgy 

• Plastic deformation of metals 
• Lattice defects 
• Slip and twinning 
• CRSS 
• Strengthening mechanism 
• Strain hardening 
• Hot and cold working 
• Recovery, recrystallization, and grain growth 
• Metal forming processes 
• Rolling/ forging/ extrusion/ sheet metal forming processes and defects 
• Powder metallurgy 
• Methods of power production 
• Characterization/ compaction/ sintering/ applications of powder metallurgy 

Foundry Technology 

• Types of foundries 
• Basic steps in casting 
• Patterns: types/ materials/ pattern allowances 
• Molding stands: properties/ testing 
• Moulding processes and equipment 
• Sand casting/ die casting/shell moulding/centrifugal casting/ investment casting and CO2 processes 
• Cores - types of cores & properties/ pouring and feeding of casting 
• Cast irons - types/ melting of cast irons 
• Grey/ SG/ Malleable iron 
• Aluminium/ copper/ steel foundry practices 
• Defects in casting 
• Cleaning and salvage of casting 

Welding Technology 

• Basic concepts of welding 
• Principles and processes of various welding techniques, such as oxy-acetylene 
• Arc welding 
• Inert gas welding (TIG and MIG)
• Special welding processes 
• Plasma, resistance, electro slag, electron beam, thermit, and laser 
• Soldering and brazing 
• Weldability & factors affecting it 
• Heat-affected zone 
• Microstructure 
• Post-weld treatments 
• Welding defects 
• Inspection andtesting 

Unit 1

Elementary Principles of Metallurgy 

6

Unit 2

Fuels, Refractories, and Pyrometry 

5

Unit 3

Metallurgical Thermodynamics 

8

Unit 4

Physical Metallurgy 

11

Unit 5

Heat Treatment Technology 

12

Unit 6

Ferrous Extractive Metallurgy 

12

Unit 7

Non-Ferrous Extractive Metallurgy 

10

Unit 8

Material Testing 

8

Unit 9 

Mechanical Metallurgy 

10

Unit 10

Foundry Technology 

10 

Unit 11

Welding Technology 

8