NEET 2025 Syllabus: Download Latest Subject-Wise Detailed Syllabus, Important Topics

Name of exam

NEET UG 2025-25

Exam conducting body

National Testing Agency (NTA)

Duration of exam

200 minutes

Syllabus available mode

Online (PDF format)

NMC NEET 2025 Syllabus - Official Website

Subjects included

Physics, Chemistry, Biology

Total questions from NEET Syllabus for Physics 2025

50 (45 need to be attempted)

Total questions from NEET Syllabus for Chemistry 2025

50 (45 need to be attempted)

Total questions from NEET Syllabus for Biology 2025

100 (90 need to be attempted)

Maximum marks

720 Marks

NEET Chemistry Syllabus 2025

14

6

NEET Biology Syllabus 2025

5

5

NEET Physics Syllabus 2025

10

10

Total

29

21

Physics and Measurement

Purification and Characterisation of Organic Compounds

Diversity in Living World

Laws of Motion

Hydrocarbons

Ecology and Environment

Kinematics

Some Basic Principles of Organic Chemistry

Structural Organisation in Animals & Plants

Work, Energy and Power

Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen

Plant Physiology

Gravitation

Organic Compounds Containing Oxygen

Genetics and Evolution

Thermodynamics

Organic Compounds Containing Halogens

Biology and Human Welfare

Properties of Solids and Liquids

Principles Related to Practical Chemistry

Reproduction

Kinetic Theory of Gases

Biomolecules

Human Physiology

Electrostatics

P Block Elements

Biotechnology and its Applications

Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism

Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties

Solutions

Current Electricity

Co-ordination Compounds

Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents

D and F Block Elements

Optics

Some Basic Concepts in Chemistry

Oscillations and Waves

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

Atoms and Nuclei

Atomic Structure

Electrostatics and Electromagnetic Wave

Solutions

Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation

Chemical Thermodynamics

Electronic Devices

Redox Reaction and ElectroChemistry

Rotational Motion

Equilibrium

Experimental Skills

Physics and Measurement

Laws of Motion

Kinematics

Class 11

Unit 1 – Diversity of Living Organisms Change

• Salient features and classification of animals non-chordate up to phyla level and chordate up to classes level 
• Five kingdom classifications: salient features and classification of Monera; Protista and Fungi into major groups: Lichensl Viruses and Viroids
• Salient features and classification of plants into major groups-Algae, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms 
• What is living? ; Biodiversity; Need for classification;; Taxonomy & Systematics; Concept of species and taxonomical hierarchy; Binomial nomenclature

Unit 2 – Structural Organization in Plants & Animals Change

• Animal tissues; Morphology, anatomy, and functions of different systems (digestive, circulatory, respiratory, nervous, and reproductive) of an insect (Frog)’ (Brief account only)
• Morphology and modifications; Tissues; Anatomy and functions of different parts of flowering plants: Root, stem, leaf, inflorescence- cymose and racemose, flower’ fruit and seed 1To be dealt along with the relevant practical of the Practical Syllabus) 

Unit 3 – Cell Structure and Function No Change

• B Cell division: Cell cycle, mitosis, meiosis, and their significance
• Cell theory and cell as the basic unit of life; Structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell; Plant cell and animal cell
• Chemical constituents of living cells: Biomolecules-structure and function of proteins, carbohydrates. lipids, nucleic acids; Enzymes-types, properties’ enzyme action’ classification and nomenclature of enzymes

Unit 4 – Plant Physiology

• Plant growth and development: Seed germination; phases of plant growth and plant growth rate; Conditions of growth; Differentiation, differentiation, and redifferentiation
• Photosynthesis: Photosynthesis as a means of Autotrophic nutrition; Site of photosynthesis takes place; pigments involved in Photosynthesis (Elementary-.idea)
• Respiration: Exchange gases; cellular respiration-glycolysis. fermentation (anaerobic), TCA cycle, and electron transport system (aerobic)

Unit 5 – Human Physiology

• Chemical coordination and regulation: Endocrine glands and hormones; Human endocrine system-Hypothalamus, pituitary, pineal, Thyroid, parathyroid, Adrenal, Pancreas, Gonads; Mechanism of hormone action (Elementary idea); Role of hormones as messengers and regulators
• Body fluids and circulation: composition of blood, blood groups, coagulation of blood; composition of lymph and its function; Human circulatory system-structure of human heart and blood vessels; cardiac cycle, cardiac output
• Breathing and Respiration: Respiratory organs in animals (recall only); Respiratory system in humans; Mechanism of breathing and its regulation in humans-Exchange of gases, transport of gases and regulation of respiration Respiratory volumes
• Excretory products and their elimination: Modes of excretion- Ammonotelism, ureotelism, uricotelism; Human excretory system structure and function; Urine formation, osmoregulation; Regulation of kidney function-Renin-angiotensin, Atrial Natriuretic Factor

Class 12

Unit 6 – Reproduction

• Sexual reproduction in flowering plants: Flower structure; Development of male and female gametophytes; Pollination-types, agencies, and examples; Outbreeding devices; Pollen-Pistil interaction; Double fertilization; Post fertilization events- Development of endosperm and embryo
• Reproductive health: Need for reproductive health and prevention of sexually transmitted diseases (STD); Birth control-Need and Methods, Contraception and Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP)
• Human Reproduction: Male and female reproductive systems; Microscopic anatomy of testis and ovary; Gametogenesis-spermatogenesis & oogenesis; Menstrual cycle; Fertilisation, embryo development up to blastocyst formation, implantation: Pregnancy and placenta formation (Elementary idea)

Unit 7 – Genetics & Evolution

• Evolution: Origin of life; Biological evolution and evidence for biological evolution from Paleontology, comparative anatomy, embryology, and molecular evidence); Darwin, ‘s contribution, modern synthetic theory of Evolution; Mechanism of evolution Variation (Mutation and Recombination)
• Heredity and variation: Mendelian inheritance; Deviations from MendelismIncomplete dominance, Co-dominance, Multiple alleles, and Inheritance of blood groups, Pleiotropy; Elementary idea of polygenic inheritance; Chromosome theory of inheritance
• Molecular basis of Inheritance: Search for genetic material and DNA as genetic material; Structure of DNA and RNA; DNA packaging; DNA replication; Central dogma; Transcription, genetic code, translation; Gene expression and regulation- Lac Operon; Genome and human genome project; DNA finger printing, protein biosynthesis

Unit 8 – Biology and Human Welfare

• Health and Disease; Pathogens; parasites causing human diseases (Malaria, Filariasis, Ascariasis. Typhoid, Pneumonia, common cold, amoebiasis, ring worm, dengue, chikungunya); Basic concepts of immunology-vaccines
• Microbes in human welfare: In household food processing, industrial production, sewage treatment, energy generation, and as biocontrol agents and biofertilizers

Unit 9 – Biotechnology and its Applications

• Application of Biotechnology in Health and Agriculture: Human insulin and vaccine production, gens therapy Cienbtically modified:organisms-Br crops: Transgenic Animals Biosafety issues-Biopirac;r and patents.
• Principles and process of Biotechnology: Genetic engineering (recombinant DNA technology)

Unit 10 – Ecology and Environment

• Biodiversity and its conservation: Concept of Biodiversity; Patterns of Biodiversity: Importance of Biodiversity; Loss of Biodiversity 
• Organisms and environment Population intentions-mutualism, competition.predation, parasitism Population attributes-growth. birth rate and death rate, age distribution
• Ecosystem: Patterns, components; productivity and decomposition: Energy flow: Pyramids of number, biomass. energy

Class 11

UNIT I: Physics And Measurement

• Units of measurements. System of Units, S I Units, fundamental and derived units, least count. significant figures
• Errors in measurements, and Dimensions of Physics quantities. dimensional analysis, and its applications

UNIT 2: Kinematics

• Frame of reference, motion in a straight line. Position- time graph. speed and velocity: Uniform and non-uniform motion. average speed and instantaneous velocity
• Addition and subtraction, scalar and vector products. Unit Vector. Resolution of a Vector. Relative Velocity. Motion in a plane, Projectile Motion. Uniform Circular Motion

UNIT 3: Laws Of Motion

• Force and inertia, Newton’s First Law of motion: Momentum, Newton’s Second Law of motion
• Impulses: Newton’s Third Law of Motion. I-aw of conservation of linear momentum and its applications. Equilibrium of concurrent forces
• Dynamics of uniform circular motion: centripetal force and its applications: a vehicle on a level circular road
• Static and Kinetic friction, laws of friction. rolling friction

UNIT 4: Work, Energy, and Power

• Work done by a constant force and a variable force; kinetic and potential energies. work-energy theorem, power
• The potential energy of spring conservation of mechanical energy. conservative and nonconservative forces

UNITS: Rotational Motion

• Center of the mass of a two-particle system, Centre of the mass of a rigid body: Basic concepts of rotational motion
• Moment of a force; torque, angular momentum, conservation of angular momentum and its applications
• The moment of inertia, the radius of gyration, values of moments of inertia for simple geometrical objects, parallel and perpendicular axes theorems. and their applications
• Equilibrium of rigid bodies. rigid body rotation and equations of rotational motion, comparison of linear and rotational motions

UNIT 6: Gravitation

• Elastic behavior, Stress-strain relationship, Hooke’s Law. Young’s modulus, bulk modulus,\ modulus of rigidity
• Pressure due to a fluid column; Pascal’s law and its applications. Effect of gravity on fluid pressure
• Viscosity. Stokes’ law. terminal velocity, streamline, and turbulent flow.critical velocity Bemoulli’s principle and its applications
• Surface energy and surface tension, angle of contact, excess of pressure across a curved surface, application of surface tension
• Heat, temperature, thermal expansion; specific heat capacity, calorimetry; change of state, latent heat. Heat transfer conduction, convection, and radiation

UNIT 8: Thermodynamics

• The second law of thermodynamics: reversible and irreversible processes

Unit 9: Kinetic Theory of Gases

• Equation of state of a perfect gas, work done on compressing a gas, Kinetic theory of gases
• Degrees of freedom. Law of equipartition of energy and applications to specific heat capacities of gases; Mean free path. Avogadro’s number

UNIT 10: Oscillation and Waves

• Oscillations and periodic motion – time period, frequency, displacement as a function of time
• Periodic functions. Simple harmonic motion (S.H.M.) and its equation; phase: oscillations of a spring -restoring force and force constant: energy in S.H.M. – Kinetic and potential energies

Class 12

Unit 11: Electrostatics

• Electric charges: Conservation of charge. Coulomb’s law forces between two point charges, forces between multiple charges
• Electric field: Electric field due to a point charge, Electric field lines. Electric dipole, Electric field due to a dipole
• Electric flux’ Gauss’s law and its applications to find field due to infinitely long uniformly charged straight wire, uniformly charged infinite plane sheet and uniformly charged thin spherical shell
• Conductors and insulators. Dielectrics and electric polarization, capacitors, and capacitances,, the combination of capacitors in series and parallel

Unit 12: Current Electricity

• Electric current. Drift velocity, mobility, and their relation with electric current. Ohm’s law. Electrical resistance
• Electrical energy and power. Electrical resistivity and conductivity. Series and parallel combinations of resistors; Temp€rature dependence of resistance
• Internal resistance, potential difference, and emf of a cell, a combination of cells in series and parallel

Unit 13: Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism

• Biot – Savart law and its application to the current carrying circular loop. Ampere,s larv and its applications to infinitely long current carrying straight wire and solenoid
• Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field. The force between two parallel currents carrying conductors definition of ampere
• Torque experienced by a current loop in a uniform magnetic field: Moving coil galvanometer, its sensitivity, and conversion to ammeter and voltmeter
• Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment. Bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid. magnetic field lines; Magnetic field due to a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) along its axis and perpendicular to its axis
• Torque on a magnetic dipole in a uniform magnetic field. para,- dia- and ferromagnetic substances with examples, the effect of temperature on magnetic properties

Unit 14: Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents

• Electromagnetic induction: Faraday’s law. Induced emf and cunent: Lenz,s Law, Eddy currents. Self and mutual inductance. Alternating currents, peak and RMS value of alternating current/ voltage: reactance and impedance: LCR series circuits, resonance: power in AC circuits, wattless current. AC generator and transformer.

Unit 15: Electromagnetic Waves

• Displacement current. Electromagnetic waves and their characteristics, Transverse nature of electromagnetic waves, Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet. X-rays. Gamma rays), Applications of e.m. waves.

Unit 16: Optics

• Reflection of light, spherical minors, mirror formula. Refraction of right at the plane and spherical surfaces
• Magnification. Power of a Lens. Combination of thin lenses in contact. Refraction of light through a prism
• Wave optics: wavefront and Huygens’ principle. Laws of reflection and refraction using Huygens principle. Interference, Young’s double-slit experiment, and expression for fringe width, coherent sources, and sustained interference of light
• Diffraction due to a single slit, width of central maximum. Polarization, plane-polarized light: Brewster’s law, uses of plane-polarized light and Polaroid

Unit 17: Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation

• Dual nature of radiation. Photoelectric effect. Hertz and Lenard’s observations; Einstein’s photoelectric equation: particle nature of light

Unit 18: Atoms and Nuclei

• Alpha-particle scattering experiment; Rutherford’s model of atom; Bohr model, energy levels’ hydrogen spectrum.
• Composition and size of nucleus, atomic masses, Mass-energy relation, mass defect; binding energy per nucleon and its variation with mass number, nuclear fission, and fusion

Unit 19: Electronic Devices

• Semiconductors; semiconductor diode: I-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias; diode as a rectifier; I-V characteristics of LED

Unit 20: Experimental Skills

• Vernier calipers – it’s used to measure the internal and external diameter and depth of a vessel
• Speed of sound in air at room temperature using a resonance tube.
• Simple pendulum – dissipation of energy by plotting a graph between the square of amplitude and time
• Co-efficient of Viscosity of a given viscous liquid by measuring the terminal velocity of a given spherical body
• The plot of the angle of deviation vs angle of incidence for a triangular prism

Class 11

UNIT 1: Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry

• Matter and its nature, Dalton’s atomic theory, laws of chemical combination, concept of elements, atoms, and molecules, atomic and molecular masses, mole concept and molar mass
• Percentage composition, empirical and molecular formulae, chemical reactions, stoichiometry

UNIT 2: Structure of Atom

• Discovery of electron, proton, and neutron, atomic number, isotopes and isobars, Thompson’s model and its limitations, Rutherford’s model and its limitations, Bohr’s model and its limitations, concept of shells and subshells, dual nature of matter and light, de Broglie’s relationship
• Heisenberg uncertainty principle, the concept of orbitals, quantum numbers, shapes of s, p and d orbitals, rules for filling electrons in orbitals
• Aufbau principle, Pauli exclusion principle, Hund’s rule, electronic configuration of atoms, stability of half-filled and filled orbitals

UNIT 3: Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties

• Significance of classification, development of the periodic table, modern periodic law and the present form of the periodic table, periodic trends in properties of elements
• Atomic radii, ionic radii, ionization enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy, electronegativity, valence

Class 12

UNIT 4: Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

• Valence electrons, ionic bond, covalent bond, bond parameters, Lewis structure, the polar character of covalent bond, the covalent character of ionic bond, valence bond theory, resonance, the geometry of covalent molecules
• VSEPR theory, the concept of hybridization involving s, p, and d orbitals, molecular orbital theory of homonuclear diatomic molecules (qualitative idea only), hydrogen bond

UNIT 5: States of Matter: Gases and Liquids

• Three states of matter, intermolecular interactions, types of bonding, melting and boiling points, role of gas laws in elucidating the concept of the molecule, Boyle’s law, Charle’s law
• Gay Lussac’s law, Avogadro’s law, ideal behavior, empirical derivation of gas equation, Avogadro number, ideal gas equation
• Kinetic energy and molecular speeds (elementary idea), deviation from ideal behavior, liquefaction of gases, critical temperature, Liquid State – Vapour pressure, viscosity, and surface tension 

UNIT 6: Thermodynamics

• Concepts of system, types of systems, surroundings, work, heat, energy, extensive and intensive properties, state functions, the first law of thermodynamics – internal energy and enthalpy, heat capacity and specific heat, measurement of ΔU and ΔH
• Hess’s law of constant heat summation, enthalpy of bond dissociation, combustion, formation, atomization, sublimation, phase transition, ionization, solution, and dilution, the introduction of entropy as a state function, the second law of thermodynamics
• Gibbs energy change for spontaneous and non-spontaneous process, criteria for equilibrium, the third law of thermodynamics – a brief introduction

UNIT 7: Equilibrium

• Concepts of system, types of systems, surroundings, work, heat, energy, extensive and intensive properties, state functions, the first law of thermodynamics – internal energy and enthalpy, heat capacity and specific heat, measurement of ΔU and ΔH, Hess’s law of constant heat summation, enthalpy of bond dissociation, combustion, formation, atomization, sublimation, phase transition, ionization, solution, and dilution
• Gibbs energy change for spontaneous and non-spontaneous process, criteria for equilibrium, the third law of thermodynamics – a brief introduction

UNIT 8: Redox Reactions

• Concept of oxidation and reduction, redox reactions, oxidation number, balancing redox reactions in terms of loss and gain of electron and change in oxidation numbers, applications of redox reactions

Class 11

UNIT 9: Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties

• Modern periodic law and the current form of the periodic table; s, p, d, and f-block elements
• Periodic trends in properties such as atomic and ionic radii, ionization enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy, valence, oxidation states, and chemical reactivity

Class 12

UNIT 10: P-Block Elements

• General Introduction; Electronic configuration; General trends in physical and chemical properties; Unique behavior of the first element of each group; Group 13 to Group 18 elements

UNIT 11: d- and f-Block Elements

• Introduction to coordination compounds; Werner’s theory; Ligands, coordination number, denticity, chelation; IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds
• Isomerism; Bonding: Valence bond approach and basic ideas of Crystal field theory; Color and magnetic properties

Class 11

UNIT 13: Purification and Characterisation of Organic Compounds

• Purification methods (crystallization, sublimation, chromatography, distillation, differential extraction); qualitative and quantitative analysis including detection of elements (N, S, P, halogens)
• Calculations of empirical and molecular formulas

UNIT 14: Some Basic Principles of Organic Chemistry

• Tetra-valency of carbon, hybridization, classification based on functional groups, isomerism, nomenclature
• Types of organic reactions (substitution, addition, elimination, rearrangement), electronic effects (inductive, electromeric, resonance, hyperconjugation)

UNIT 15: Hydrocarbons

• Classification and isomerism; Alkanes, Alkenes, and Alkynes – structure, properties, and reactions
• Aromatic hydrocarbons – structure, aromaticity, electrophilic substitution reactions

Class 12

UNIT 16: Organic Compounds Containing Halogens

• Preparation, properties, and reactions of haloalkanes and haloarenes
• Environmental effects of compounds like chloroform and DDT

UNIT 17: Organic Compounds Containing Oxygen

• Properties and reactions of alcohols, phenols, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids
• Important organic reactions such as nucleophilic addition and condensation

UNIT 18: Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen

• Amines and diazonium salts – preparation, properties, reactions, and uses; importance in synthetic organic chemistry

UNIT 19: Biomolecules

• Classification and functions of carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, nucleic acids; structure and function of biomolecules in biological processes

UNIT 20: Principles Related to Practical Chemistry

• Detection of elements and functional groups in organic compounds; principles involved in the preparation of specific inorganic and organic compounds
• Qualitative and quantitative analysis including titrimetric and gravimetric analysis

2

Structure of Atom

Bohr Model of Hydrogen Atom

3

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

• Fajan's Rule

• Elementary Idea of Metallic Bonding

• Concept of Ionic and Covalent Bonds

• Kossel - Lewis Approach to Chemical Bond Formation

4

Chemical Thermodynamics

• System and Surroundings

• Types of Processes

• Fundamentals of Thermodynamics

• Extensive and Intensive Properties' State Functions

• First and Second Law of Thermodynamics

7

Redox Reactions and Electrochemistry

• Molar Conductivities Variation with Concentration

• Electrolytic and Metallic Conduction

• Kohlrausch's Law and Its Applications

• Conductance and their Electrolytic Solutions

• Electrochemical Cells

8

Chemical Kinetics

• Collision Theory of Bimolecular Gaseous Reactions without Derivation

• Pressure

11

D and F Block Elements

Transition Elements

13

Purification and Characterisation of Organic Compounds

• Differential extraction

• Distillation

• Purification

• Crystallization

• Chromatography

• Calculations of empirical formulae and molecular formulae

• Quantitative analysis - Estimation of carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, sulphur, phosphorus and  halogens.

• Numerical problems in organic quantitative analysis

15

Hydrocarbons

• General methods of preparation

• IUPAC nomenclature

• Classification of isomerism

• Reactions

16

Organic Compounds Containing Halogen

• General Methods of Preparation

• Mechanisms of Substitution Reactions

• Environmental effects of iodoform freons, chloroform, and DDT and its uses.

20

Principles Related to Practical Chemistry

Complete Unit has been newly added to the NEET 2025 Chemistry Syllabus.

2

Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants

Insect (Frog) 

Printing Mistake in the Updated NEET Syllabus as frogs belong from subphylum amphibia, not arthropods (phylum for insects)

2

Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants

Family (Malvaceae, Cruciferae, Leguminoceae, Compositae, Gramineae)

Added in Revised Syllabus for NEET 2025 Exam

Cell Biology – Introduction, Prokaryotic Cell

5

10%

Application Biology (Biotechnology) – Principles of Biotechnology

4

8%

Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants – Sexual Reproduction Introduction

4

8%

Genetics II – Nucleic Acids (The Generic Material, DNA, RNA)

4

8%

Plant Physiology-II-Plant growth and Growth Hormones – Growth and Development

4

8%

Ecology-Organisms and Population – Introduction, Abiotic factors, Responses to abiotic factors

2

4%

Cell Biology – Introduction, Prokaryotic Cell

4

8%

Genetic II – Nucleic Acids (The Generic Material, DNA, RNA) 

3

6%

Human Reproduction and Reproductive Health – Male Reproductive System

6

12%

Animal Kingdom-1 – Porifera

4

8%

Biology In Human Welfare-Human Health and Disease – Diseases caused by virus

3

6%

Chemical Coordination and Integration -Endocrine Gland

3

6%