Briefly describe the principle of working of IUDs

The below is for information only. Please seek medical advice before taking any steps.

IUDs, or intrauterine devices, are small T-shaped devices that are inserted into the uterus to prevent pregnancy. There are two main types of IUDs: copper IUDs and hormonal IUDs.  

Copper IUDs

Copper IUDs work by releasing copper ions into the uterus. These copper ions create an environment that is toxic to sperm, making it difficult for them to survive and fertilize an egg. Copper IUDs can be effective for up to 10 years.  

Hormonal IUDs

Hormonal IUDs contain a synthetic version of the hormone progesterone, which is released into the uterus. This hormone thickens the cervical mucus, making it difficult for sperm to pass through. It can also thin the lining of the uterus, making it difficult for a fertilized egg to implant. Hormonal IUDs can be effective for up to 5 years.  

Effectiveness

IUDs are one of the most effective forms of birth control, with a failure rate of less than 1%. They are also long-acting and reversible. Once the IUD is removed, fertility returns quickly.