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ISC Class 12 Biology Syllabus 2023-24: The Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE) announced the changes to various subjects in a notification on June 2, 2023. According to the list, the CISCE updated the syllabus for the majority of the core subjects across all streams, including Biology. The biology curriculum for ISC class 12 has been divided into two papers: Theory and Practical. Paper 1: Theory is three hours long and worth 70 marks. A total of 30 marks are awarded for the practical exam (15 for practical work, 10 for project work, and 5 for practical file) which comes under Paper 2.
There are a total of 5 units in ISC 12th Biology Syllabus, out of which Unit 1 - Reproduction has the maximum weightage of marks i.e. 16 followed by Unit 2 and 5 with a weightage of 15 marks each. You must look at the new syllabus to learn more about the revision and prepare for the exam in accordance with the amended syllabus. Check the ISC Class 12 Biology Syllabus 2023-24 here.
Also Check:
| ISC 12th Exam Pattern 2024 |
|---|
| ISC 12th Preparation Tips 2024 |
| ISC Class 12 Syllabus 2024 |
| ISC 12th Time Table 2024 |
| ISC Class 12 Sample Paper 2024 |
| ISC Class 12 Previous Year Question Paper |
ISC Class 12 Syllabus 2023-24 Download Pdf
The class 12 biology syllabus is extensive and challenging, and it will help students get a deep grasp of biology. By mastering the topics mentioned in the syllabus, students can easily score good marks in class 12. Check here the ISC class 12 biology syllabus 2023-24 PDF
ISC Class 12 Biology Syllabus 2023-24 - Revised Course Structure
View the Class 12 Biology Syllabus and Unit-Wise Weightage for the ISC Board 2024 exam here.S. No. | UNIT | TOTAL WEIGHTAGE |
|---|---|---|
1. | Reproduction | 16 Marks |
2. | Genetics and Evolution | 15 Marks |
3. | Biology and Human Welfare | 14 Marks |
4. | Biotechnology and its Applications | 10 Marks |
5. | Ecology and Environment | 15 Marks |
TOTAL | 70 Marks | |
ISC Class 12 Biology Paper Pattern
The pattern of the exam is added below.Paper | Duration | Marks |
|---|---|---|
Paper I: Theory | 3 Hours | 70 Marks |
Paper II: Practical | – | 30 Marks |
Practical | 3 Hours | 15 Marks |
Project Work | – | 10 Marks |
Practical File | – | 5 Marks |
ISC Class 12 Biology Syllabus 2023-24
PAPER I –THEORY – 70
Marks All structures (internal and external) are required to be taught along with diagrams.Chapter | Topics |
|---|---|
Reproduction | (i) Sexual reproduction in flowering plants Flower structure, male and female gametophyte development, pollination types, agencies, and examples, outbreeding devices, pollen-pistil interaction, double fertilization, and post-fertilization are some of the topics covered in this chapter. Types of pollination (autogamy, chasmogamy, cleistogamy, geitonogamy, xenogamy), adaptations in flowers pollinated by wind, water and insects. Fruits should be divided into genuine and false categories according to their L.S. (like mangoes and coconuts); Definition, distinctions, and examples of albuminous and non-albuminous seeds; internal structure of dicot (bean) and monocot (maize) seeds. the importance of fruit and seed formation. significance of seed distribution. Post-fertilization activities include embryo development (monocot and dicot); endosperm kinds (cellular, nuclear, and helobial); and perisperm definition. (ii). Human Reproduction The reproductive systems of men and women; the microscopic anatomy of the testis and ovary; gametogenesis—spermatogenesis and oogenesis; the menstrual cycle; fertilization; embryo development up to blastocyst formation; implantation; pregnancy and placenta formation; parturition; and lactation. (iii). Reproductive Health Need for reproductive health and prevention of Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs); birth control - need and methods, contraception and medical termination of pregnancy (MTP); amniocentesis; infertility and assisted reproductive technologies.Population explosion, the government's role in population control, contraceptive methods and how they work (natural: periodic abstinence, withdrawal or coitus interruptus, lactational amenorrhea; artificial: barriers, IUDs, oral pills, implants, and surgical methods), the definition of medical termination of pregnancy (MTP) and its causes, and infertility factors. |
2. Genetics and Evolution | (i) Principles of inheritance and variation Mendelian inheritance, chromosomal theory of inheritance, chromosomes and genes, sex determination in humans, birds, and honey bees, linkage and crossing over, sex linked inheritance - haemophilia, color blindness, Mendelian disorders in humans, and chromosomal disorders in humans are some examples of heredity and variation. Chromosomal theory of inheritance; autosomes and sex chromosomes; sex-linked inheritance; with reference to Drosophila (body color: yellow and brown; and color of eyes: red and white); and man (haemophilia and color blindness); definition and significance of linkage and crossing over. Human genetic disorders like phenylketonuria, thalassemia, color blindness, and sickle cell anemia; chromosomal disorders like Down's syndrome, Klinefelter's syndrome, and Turner's syndrome. Mutation: spontaneous, induced, gene (point-transition, transversion, and frame-shift). (ii). Molecular basis of Inheritance DNA packaging, DNA replication, core dogma, transcription, genetic code, translation, gene expression and control - lac operon, human and rice genome projects, DNA fingerprinting, and search for genetic material and DNA as genetic material. (iii) Evolution Origin of life; biological evolution and its supporting evidence (palaeontology, comparative anatomy, embryology, and molecular evidences); Darwin's contribution; modern synthetic theory of evolution; mechanism of evolution - variation (mutation and recombination) and natural selection with examples, types of natural selection; gene flow and genetic drift; Hardy-Weinberg principle; adaptive radiation; and human evolution. |
3. Biology and Human Welfare | (i) Human Health and Diseases The control of pathogens and parasites that cause human diseases such the common cold, dengue fever, chikungunya, typhoid, pneumonia, amoebiasis, malaria, filariasis, ascariasis, and ringworm; Immunology fundamentals: cancer, HIV/AIDS, vaccinations. (ii) Strategies for enhancement in food production Green revolution, plant breeding, tissue culture, single cell protein, biofortification, apiculture, and animal husbandry have all improved food production. Measures for maintaining dairy farms and poultry farms properly; definitions, outlines, and benefits of apiculture and pisciculture. Animal breeding: a brief overview of artificial insemination, multiple ovulation embryo transfer technology (MOET), out-breeding, cross-breeding, and in-breeding. benefits of artificial conception. Brief mention of the green revolution in relation to plant breeding. (iii) Microbes in HumanWelfare In household food processing, industrial production, sewage treatment, energy generation and microbes as biocontrol agents and biofertilisers. Antibiotics. |
4. Biotechnology and its Applications | (i) Biotechnology - Principles and processes Genetic Engineering (recombinant DNA technology). Definition and guiding principles of biotechnology; isolation of genomic (chromosomal) DNA (from bacteria, plants, or animals, by cell lysis); isolation of gene of interest (by electrophoresis); stages of recombinant DNA synthesis; discovery, nomenclature, characteristics, and function of restriction enzymes (EcoRI, HindII); function of ligase; cloning vectors. (ii) Biotechnology and its applications Applications of biotechnology in health and agriculture: human insulin and vaccine production, stem cell technology, gene therapy; genetically modified organisms - Bt crops; transgenic animals; biosafety issues, biopiracy and biopatents. |
5. Ecology and Environment | (i). Organisms and Populations Habitat and niche, population and ecological adaptations, mutualism, competition, predation, and parasitism among population interactions; population features like as growth, birth and death rates, and age distribution. (ii) Ecosystem Ecosystems: patterns, components; productivity and decomposition; energy flow; pyramids of number, biomass, energy; nutrient cycles (carbon and phosphorous); ecological succession; ecological services - carbon fixation, pollination, seed dispersal, oxygen release (in brief). (iii) Biodiversity and its Conservation The following terms and concepts are used to describe biodiversity: concept; patterns; relevance; loss of biodiversity; protection of biodiversity; hotspots; endangered species; extinction; Red Data Book; biosphere reserves; national parks; sanctuaries; and Ramsar sites. (iv) Environmental Issues Air pollution and its control; water pollution and its control; agrochemicals and their effects; solid waste management; radioactive waste management; greenhouse effect and climate change; ozone layer depletion; deforestation; any one case study as success story addressing environmental issue(s). |
PAPER II
PRACTICAL WORK – 15 Marks1) Taxonomy: Examine floral traits by dissecting flowers, creating floral formulas, and drawing diagrams of the families listed below:
(i) Malvaceae: type – China rose / Hollyhock.
(ii) Leguminosae: subfamily – Papilionaceae – type – Sweet pea/ Pea/ Bean/ Sesbania/ Clitoria (single flower).
(iii)Solanaceae: type – Petunia / Datura / Brinjal Flower / Solanum nigrum.
(iv)Liliaceae: type – Onion or Amaryllidaceae –type – Lily/Spider lily/ Tiger lily/ Tube rose/ Gladiolus.
By dissecting flowers, floral qualities should be described. It is important to teach students how to cut flowers into vertical sections and how to identify their diagrams correctly. It is essential to know how to correctly locate the mother axis while developing flower diagrams. Formula for flowers should be written accurately. It is important to identify the correct family, provide justification, describe how to cut the T.S. and L.S. of the ovary, and then draw the appropriate labeled figure.
Students should be familiar with several examples of plants from each family that are significant to the economy. The proper scientific names for the plants must be used to support any examples of common names.
2) Simple biochemical and physiological experiments
(i) Study of arrangement/distribution of stomata in dicot and monocot leaves.
(ii) Study of soils from two different sites. Collect soil samples from two different areas and make a comparative study of their texture, moisture content, humus content, water holding capacity and pH.
(iii) Analyze the impact of enzyme activity on starch solution at three different pH levels and temperatures. Effect of the enzyme (amylase/diastase) action on the starch solution at three different temperatures (low: below 10°C, optimal: 37°C, and high: over 70°C).
(iv) To isolate DNA from available plant material. Isolation of DNA from spinach leaves, green pea seeds, pulp of banana and papaya.
3) Slide preparation
(i) Germination of pollen grain in a nutrient medium
(ii) T.S. of ovary of any locally available flower, to show marginal / axile placentation.
(iii)T.S. of a hydrophyte stem.
(iv) T.S. of a xerophytic leaf (Nerium).
(v) L.S. of monocot and dicot seed (soaked seeds of maize/wheat, pea/ bean.)
4) Spotting: Each spot will have three minutes to identify it, draw a diagram with labels, and write at least two defining traits.
(i) Identify and comment on the following:
(a) Permanent slide of a mammal's ovary.
(b) A mammal's testis (permanent slide).
(c) Germinating pollen grain (slide/chart).
(d) T.S. of the ovary to demonstrate the kind of placentation (parietal, basal (LS), axile, and marginal).
(e) T.S. of a mammal's blastula or blastocyst (chart or slide).
(f) Complete mount of sporozoites from Plasmodium (slide/chart).
(g) Whole mount of Entamoeba histolytica trophozoite (slide/chart).
(h) Preserved specimen/ chart/ model of Ascaris.
(ii) Discuss how plants and animals have adapted to their environments. One animal and one plant from xeric and watery ecosystems are represented by models, virtual images, or charts. Hydrilla, cactus, fish, and camel are a few examples.
(iii) Flowers with various insect and wind pollination adaptations.
Students are also advised to solve the sample papers and previous year question papers once they complete the ISC Class 12 Biology Syllabus. This will help in the final preparation for the exam.
