Bihar Board 12th Syllabus 2025 - Download Latest Bihar Board (BSEB) Syllabus Class 12 PDF

1

Indian History Part I: Harappan Archaeology, Political & Economic History, Social History, History of Buddhism and other religions, etc.

2

Indian History Part II: Agrarian Relations, The Mughal Court, New Architecture, Religious Histories, etc.

3

Colonialism & Rural Society, Colonialism & Indian Towns, The Nationalist Movement, Nationalism, Communalism & Partition, The Making of the Constitution, Independence & New Nation-State, etc.

4

Map Work

1

Section A: Fundamentals of Human Geography: Human Geography

2

People

3

Human Activities

4

Transport, Communication & Trade

5

Human Settlements

6

Section B: People & Economy: People

7

Human Settlements

8

Resources & Development

9

Transport, Communication & International Trade

10

Geographical Perspective on Selected Issues & Problem

11

Map Work

1

Section A: Micro Economics: Introduction

2

Consumers Behaviour

3

Producer Behaviour & Supply

4

Simple Applications of Tools of Demand & Supply

5

Types of Markets & Price Determination

6

Section B: Macro Economics: Introduction

7

National Income & Related Aggregates

8

Money & Banking

9

Determination of Income & Employment

10

Government Budget & the Economy

11

Balance of Payments

1

Cold War Era

2

End of Bipolarity

3

U. S. Hegemony in World Politics

4

Alternative Centres of Power

5

Contemporary South Asia

6

International Organizations

7

Globalization

1

Section A: Indian Society: The Demographic Structure of Indian Society

2

Social Institutions – Continuity & Change

3

The market as a Social Institution

4

The Pattern of Social Inequality & Exclusion

5

Challenges of Cultural Diversity

6

Section B: Change & Development in Indian Society: Structural Change

7

Cultural Change

8

The Story of Indian Democracy

9

Change & Development in Rural Society

10

Change & Development in Industrial Society

11

Globalization & Social Change

12

Mass Media & Communications

13

Social Movements

1

Variations in Psychological Attributes

2

Self & Personality

3

Meeting Life Challenges

4

Psychological Disorders

5

Therapeutic Approaches 

6

Attitude & Social Cognition

7

Social Influence & Group Processes

8

Psychology & Life

9

Developing Psychological Skills

1

Nature & Schools of Indian Philosophy

2

Philosophy of the Bhagavad Gita

3

Buddhism, Jainism

4

Nyaya – Vaisesika & Samkhya – Yoga

5

Advaita Vedanta

6

Knowledge & Truth

7

The Causal Principle

8

Nature of Reality

9

Realism & Idealism

10

Environmental Ethics & Professional Ethics

1

Human Development: a Life Span Approach

2

Nutrition During Life Span

3

Money Management & Consumer Education

4

Apparel: Designing, Selection & Care

5

Community Development & Extension

6

Career Opportunities after Home Science Education

Electrostatics

Electric Charges, Conservation of charge, Coulomb’s law force between two-point charges, forces between multiple charges, the electrical potential energy of a system of two-point charges and electric dipole in an electrostatic field, etc.

Current Electricity

Ohm’s law, electrical resistance, V-I characteristics (linear and nonlinear), electrical energy and power, electrical resistivity and conductivity, Kirchhoff’s laws and simple applications. Wheatstone bridge, metre bridge, etc. 

Magnetic effect of Current and Magnetism

Torque on a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) in a uniform magnetic field; bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid, Force on a moving charge in a uniform magnetic and electric field, Earth’s magnetic field and magnetic elements, etc. 

Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents

Electromagnetic induction; Faraday’s law, induced emf and current; Lenz’s Law, peak and RMS value of alternating current/voltage; reactance and impedance, etc.

Electromagnetic Waves

Electromagnetic waves, their characteristics, their transverse nature, Electromagnetic spectrum, including elementary facts about their uses, etc. 

Optics

Refraction of light, total internal reflection and its applications, lensmaker’s formula. Magnification, power of a lens, Reflection of light, spherical mirrors, mirror formula, a combination of thin lenses in contact, etc. 

Dual Nature of Matter

Matter waves-wave nature of particles, de Broglie relation, Photoelectric effect, Hertz and Lenard’s observations; Einstein’s photoelectric equation-particle nature of light, Davisson-Germer experiment, etc. 

Atoms and Nuclei

Bohr model, energy levels, hydrogen spectrum, Composition and size of nucleus, Alpha-particle scattering experiment; Rutherford’s model of atom; atomic masses, isotopes, radioactive decay law, etc. 

Electronic Devices

transistor as a switch, I-V characteristics of the transistor, transistor as an amplifier (common emitter configuration), the basic idea of analogue and digital signals, etc. 

Communication Systems

Propagation of electromagnetic waves in the atmosphere, amplitude modulation.

Production and detection of an amplitude-modulated wave, etc.

Unit 1: Solid State

Electrical and magnetic properties, Packing efficiency, voids, number of atoms per unit cell in a cubic unit cell, point defects, etc. 

Unit 2: Solutions

Osmotic pressure, determination of molecular masses using colligative properties, Elevation of boiling point, depression of freezing point, abnormal molecular mass, etc

Unit 3: Electrochemistry

Kohlrausch’s Law, lead accumulator, Conductance in electrolytic solutions, specific, variations of conductivity with concentration, etc.

Unit 4: Chemical Kinetics

Integrated rate equations and half-life, the concept of collision theory (elementary idea, no mathematical treatment), etc

Unit 5: Surface Chemistry

Brownian movement, electrophoresis, Lyophobic multimolecular and macromolecular colloids; properties of colloids; Tyndall effect, coagulation, emulsion-types of emulsions, etc

Unit 6: General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements

Occurrence and principles of extraction of aluminium, copper, zinc and iron, Principles and methods of extraction – concentration, oxidation, reduction – electrolytic method and refining; etc

Unit 7: p-block Elements

Halides PCl3, Ozone, Sulphur-allotropic forms; Phosphorus – allotropic forms, Preparation properties and uses of sulphur-dioxide, etc.

Unit 8: d and f-block elements

Magnetic properties, interstitial compounds, Metallic character, ionization enthalpy, preparation and properties of K2Cr2O7 and KMnO4, etc

Unit 9: Coordination Compounds

IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds. Bonding, Introduction, ligands, coordination number, Werner’s theory, VBT, and CFT; structure and stereoisomerism, etc

Unit 10: Haloalkanes and Haloarenes

Nomenclature, nature of C-X bond, physical and chemical properties, substitution reactions, etc

Unit 11: Alcohols, Phenols, and Ethers

Mechanism of dehydration, physical and chemical properties, uses, uses with special reference to methanol and ethanol, etc

Unit 12: Aldehydes, Ketones, and Carboxylic Acids

Nomenclature, nature of carbonyl group, methods of preparation, physical, uses, methods of preparation, etc

Unit 13: Amines (Organic Compounds and containing Nitrogen)

Classification, structure, methods of preparation, secondary and tertiary amines, etc

Unit 14: Biomolecules

Monosaccharides (glucose and fructose), polysaccharides (starch, cellulose, glycogen) importance, etc

Unit 15: Polymers

Biodegradable and non-biodegradable polymers, etc, Some important polymers: natural and bakelite, rubber, etc

Unit 16: Chemistry in Everyday Life

Tranquillizers antiseptics, disinfectants, antacids, antihistamines, artificial sweetening agents, etc

Unit 5: Ecology and Environment

Organisms and Populations

Ecosystem, and Environmental Issues

Unit 4: Biotechnology and its Applications

Recombinant DNA technology

Applications in Health, Biosafety issues

Unit 3: Biology & human welfare

Microbes in household food processing, industrial production, sewage treatment and energy generation, Cancer and AIDS

Unit 2: Genetics and Evolution

Chromosome theory of inheritance, Deviations from Mendelism ratio, Sex determination in human beings: XX, XY, Linkage and crossing over, etc

Unit 1: Sexual Reproduction

Pollination and fertilization in flowering plants

Development of seed and fruit

Human Reproduction, pregnancy and parturition

Section A: Micro Economics

Introduction to Micro Economics

Consumers behaviour

Demand

Analysis of Demand

Elasticity of Demand

Analysis of Supply

Types of Market & Price determination under perfect competition

Factors of Production

Section B: Macro Economics

Introduction to Macro Economics8. National Income

Determinants of Aggregates

Money

Commercial Bank

Central Bank

Public Economics

Mathematical logic

1.1 Statements1.2 Logical Connectives

1.3 Statement patterns and logical equivalence

1.4 Algebra of statements

1.5 Venn diagrams

Matrices

2.1 Definition and types of matrices2.2 Algebra of matrices

2.3 Inverse of a matrix

2.4 Solution of equations

Continuity

3.1 Continuity of a function at a point

Differentiation

4.1 Derivative of Inverse function4.2 Logarithmic Differentiation

4.3 Derivative of an Implicit Function

4.4 Derivative of a Parametric Function

4.5 Second Order Derivative

Applications of Derivative 

5.1 Increasing and Decreasing Functions

5.2 Maxima and Minima

Indefinite Integration

6.1 Definition of an integral

6.2 Integral of standard functions

6.3 Rules of Integration

6.4 Methods of Integration

6.5 Integration by parts

Definite Integrals 

7.1 Definite Integral7.2 Properties

7.3 Applications

PART – II

Ratio, Proportion and Partnership 

Ratio, Proportion and Partnership

Commission, Brokerage and Discount 

Commission and Brokerage, Discount

Insurance and Annuity 

Insurance, Annuity

Demography

Introduction, Definition, Uses of Vital Statistics, Measurements of Mortality, Life Tables

Bivariate Data and Correlation 

Bivariate Frequency Distribution, Karl Pearson's Coefficient of Correlation, Rank Correlation

Regression Analysis Introduction 

Equation of Line of Regression, Regression Coefficients and Their Properties.

Resource Mobilization

Angel Investor

Venture Capital Funds

Stock Market – Raising Funds

Project Work

Business Plan

Survey

Entrepreneurial Opportunities

Sensing Entrepreneurial Opportunities

Environment Scanning

Problem Identification

Spotting Trends

Creativity and Innovation

Selecting the Right Opportunity

Enterprise Marketing

Marketing and Sales Strategy

Branding - Business Name, Logo, Tagline

Promotion Strategy

Negotiations - Importance and Methods

Customer Relationship Management

Vendor Management

Enterprise Growth Strategies

Franchising

Merger and Acquisition

Business Planning

Business Plan

Organisational plan

Operational plan

Production plan

Financial plan

Marketing Plan

Human Resource Planning

Business Arithmetic

Unit of Sale, Unit Cost for Multiple Products or Services

Break-even Analysis for Multiple Products or Services

Computation of Working Capital

Inventory Control and EOQ

Return on Investment (ROI) and Return on Equity (ROE)