Maharashtra HSC Chemistry Syllabus 2023-24 - Check Maharashtra Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus

Solid State

Classification of solids, unit cell in 2 & 3-dimensional lattices, calculation of density, voids, point defects, electrical and magnetic properties, Band theory of metals, conductors, semiconductors, insulators and n-p type semiconductors.

Solutions and colligative properties

Types of solutions, concentration of solids in liquids, Raoult’s law elevation of boiling point, solubility of gases in liquids, solid solutions, colligative properties, depression of freezing point, osmotic pressure, determination of molecular masses using colligative properties, Van’t Hoff factor, etc

Chemical Thermodynamics and energetic

Concepts of system, types of systems, surroundings. Work, heat, energy, extensive and intensive properties, state functions. First law of thermodynamics – internal energy and enthalpy, Hess’ law of constant heat summation, enthalpy of bond dissociation, combustion, formation, atomization, sublimation. Phase transition, ionization and solution and dilution Introduction of entropy as a state function, free energy change for spontaneous and non spontaneous processes, and equilibrium constant. Second and third law of thermodynamics

Electrochemistry

Redox reactions, conductance in electrolytic solutions, specific and molar conductivity, variations of conductivity with concentration, Kohlrausch’s Law, electrolysis and laws of electrolysis (elementary idea), dry cell –electrolytic and galvanic cells; lead accumulator, EMF of a cell, standard electrode potential, Nernst equation and its application to chemical cells, fuel cells; corrosion. Relation between Gibb’s energy change and emf of a cell.

Chemical Kinetics

Rate of reaction (average and instantaneous), factors affecting rate of reaction; concentration, temperature, catalyst; order and molecularity of a reaction; rate law and specific rate constant, integrated rate equations and half life (only for zero and first order reactions); concept of collision theory (elementary idea, no mathematical treatment). Activation energy, Arrhenius equation.

General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements

Principles and methods of extraction, reduction electrolytic method and refining

p-Block Elements

Electronic configuration, occurrence, oxidation states, trends in physical and chemical properties; nitrogen – preparation, properties and uses; compounds of nitrogen; preparation and properties of ammonia and nitric acid, oxides of nitrogen (structure only); Phosphorous-allotropic forms; compounds of phosphorous; preparation and properties of phosphine, halides (PCl3, PCl5 ) and oxoacids (elementary idea only).Group 15 elements, Group 16 elements, Classification of oxides, Group 17 elements, Group 18 elements, etc.

d and f Block Elements

General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence and characteristics of transition metals, general trends in properties of the first row transition metals – metallic character, ionization enthalpy, oxidation states, ionic radii, colour, catalytic property, magnetic properties, interstitial compounds, alloy formation preparation and properties of K2 Cr2 O7 and KMnO4. oxidation states, chemical reactivity and lanthanoid contraction and its consequences.

Coordination Compounds

Coordination compounds – Introduction, ligands, coordination number, colour, magnetic properties and shapes, IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds, bonding; Werner’s theory, VBT, CFT. isomerism, (structural and stereo) importance of coordination compounds (in qualitative analysis, extraction of metals and biological systems).

Halogen derivatives of alkanes (and arenas)

Haloalkanes, Haloarenes, stability of carbocations, d-l and R-S configurations.

Alcohols, Phenols, and Ethers

Nomenclature, physical and chemical properties, methods of preparation, etc

Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids

Nomenclature, physical and chemical properties, methods of preparation, etc

Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen

Amines, Diazonium salts, Cyanides and isocyanides, etc

Biomolecules

Carbohydrates, Proteins, Vitamins, Nucleic acids, etc

Polymers

Classification, methods of polymerization, copolymerization, polythene, bakelite, nylon, polyesters, and rubber, Biodegradable, non-biodegradable polymers.

Chemistry in Everyday life

Chemicals in medicines, Chemicals in food, Cleansing agents