Maharashtra HSC Economics Syllabus 2025-26: Check Maharashtra Class 12 Economics Syllabus

About Maharashtra HSC Economics Syllabus 2025-26

Maharashtra State Board of Secondary And Higher Secondary Education uploads the syllabus on the official website to be checked by the students accordingly. The syllabus will consist of information about the units included in the curriculum. In Economics, the syllabus is divided into two parts. The theory paper in Economics will be conducted for 80 marks and the remaining marks will be provided for the practical session. In the practical exam, students will have to present an assignment according to the topics covered in the syllabus. Students need to study both microeconomics and macroeconomics to gain good marks in the results.

Students can also use Maharashtra HSC Economics Sample Paper 2025-26 to check the exam format and the commonly asked questions. To pass the board exams, students are required to get a minimum passing mark separately in both theory and practical exams. A minimum of 35% marks is required for the students to be considered a “Pass”. Check out more information about the Maharashtra HSC Economics Syllabus 2025- 26 here:

Also Read: Maharashtra HSC Economics Previous Year Question Paper

Maharashtra HSC Economics Syllabus 2025- 26 Download PDF

Students can refer to the PDF of the Maharashtra HSC Economics Syllabus 2025-26 from the table given below and download it to prepare for the exam:

Maharashtra HSC Economics Syllabus 2025-26: Units

Students can refer to the unit-wise Maharashtra HSC Economics Syllabus 2025-26 from the tables given below according to the different parts included in the curriculum:

Part A - Introductory Macroeconomics

Chapter	Topics
National Income and Related Aggregates	What is Macroeconomics? Basic concepts in macroeconomics: consumption goods, capital goods, final goods, intermediate goods; stocks and flows; gross investment and depreciation Circular flow of income (two-sector model) Methods of Calculating National Income - Value Added or Product method, Expenditure method, Income method Aggregates related to National Income: Gross National Product (GNP), Net National Product (NNP), Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Net Domestic Product (NDP) - at market price, at factor cost; Real and Nominal GDP GDP and Welfare
Money and Banking	Money – meaning and functions, supply of money - Currency held by the public and net demand deposits held by commercial banks Money creation by the commercial banking system. The central bank and its functions (example of the Reserve Bank of India): Bank of Issue, Govt. Bank, Banker's Bank, Control of Credit through Bank Rate, CRR, SLR, Repo Rate and Reverse Repo Rate, Open Market Operations, Margin requirement.
Determination of Income and Employment	Aggregate demand and its components. Propensity to consume and propensity to save (average and marginal). Short-run equilibrium output; investment multiplier and its mechanism. Meaning of full employment and involuntary unemployment. Problems of excess demand and deficient demand; measures to correct them - changes in government spending, taxes and money supply.
Government Budget and the Economy	Government budget - meaning, objectives and components. Classification of receipts - revenue receipts and capital receipts; Classification of expenditure – revenue expenditure and capital expenditure. Balanced, Surplus and Deficit Budget – measures of government deficit.
Balance of Payments	Balance of payments account - meaning and components; Balance of payments – Surplus and Deficit Foreign exchange rate - meaning fixed and flexible rates and managed floating. Determination of exchange rate in a free market, Merits and demerits of the flexible and fixed exchange rate. Managed Floating exchange rate system

Part B - Indian Economic Development

Chapters	Topics
Development Experience (1947-90) and Economic Reforms since 1991	A brief introduction of the state of the Indian economy on the eve of independence. Indian economic system and common goals of Five Year Plans. Main features, problems and policies of agriculture (institutional aspects and new agricultural strategy), industry (IPR 1956; SSI – role & importance) and foreign trade. Economic Reforms since 1991: Features and appraisals of liberalisation, globalisation and privatisation (LPG policy); Concepts of Demonetization and GST
Current Challenges facing the Indian Economy	Human Capital Formation: How people become resource; Role of human capital in economic development; Growth of Education Sector in India Rural development: Key issues - credit and marketing - the role of cooperatives; agricultural diversification; alternative farming - organic farming Employment: Growth and changes in the workforce participation rate in formal and informal sectors; problems and policies Sustainable Economic Development: Meaning, Effects of Economic Development on Resources and Environment, including global warming
Development Experience of India	A comparison with neighbours: India and Pakistan, India and China Issues: economic growth, population, sectoral development and other Human Development Indicators

Also Read: Maharashtra HSC Time Table 2025-26

Maharashtra HSC Economics Syllabus 2025-26 Internal Assessment

For the internal assignment, students can choose one of the given topics to prepare their assignment on:

• 1) Visit any cottage industry and collect information about its income and expenses.
• 2) Visit some families and note down observations regarding how the utility of different commodities is subjective and relative.
• 3) Prepare a chart for Marginal Utility and Total Utility of any commodity consumed by you.
• 4) Comparative study of individual demand schedules of any one commodity of two families.
• 5) Visit a grocery shop and collect information about changes in demand and changes in price of wheat for the period of 5 months.
• 6) Visit retailers of any commodity & collect information about prices & supply.
• 7) Collect information about prices charged for toothpaste, bathing soap etc. by different firms under monopolistic competition.
• 8) An interview with an entrepreneur.
• 9) An interview of skilled and unskilled labour engaged in different sectors.
• 10) Survey of people using credit cards & debit cards.
• 11) Visit any Commercial Bank & collect information about its functioning.
• 12) Collect information on different Banking instruments like cheques, demand drafts, etc.
• 13) Collect information about E-Banking
• 14) Collect information about changes in the policies of the Reserve Bank of India.
• 15) Collect information on the current budget from the newspaper.

Important Topics for Maharashtra HSC Economic Syllabus 2025-26

While preparing for the Maharashtra HSC Economics examination, students need to focus on the key topics. Prioritising and revising these important areas will enhance their understanding and increase their chances of scoring well in the exam. Students can refer to the table below to view the list of important topics covered in the HSC Maharashtra Economics syllabus.

Important Topics for Maharashtra HSC Economics Syllabus

Name of Topic	Weightage
Demand Analysis	12
Elasticity of Demand	12
National Income	12
Public Finance In India	12
Money Market and Capital Market	11
Index Numbers	11
Introduction To Micro And Macro Economics	10
Utility Analysis	10
Supply Analysis	10
Forms of Market	10
Foreign Trade In India	06

Maharashtra HSC Economics Books 2025-26

NCERT is one of the most important books that you need to complete to get a grasp of the concepts. Check the list of the latest books and side-books from the pointers given below:

• ECONOMICS Std. TWELVE / Std. 12 (English Medium)
• Std 12 Economics Book | Eco | SYJC Commerce and Arts Guide | Smart Notes
• Std 12 Economics with Free Mini Master Pocket Book
• 12th Economics Book Maharashtra Board | SchoolChamp
• HSC Economics Notes & Paper Solution for Maharashtra State Board Students
• Introductory Macroeconomics- 12th Edition 2025-26
• Samashti Arthshastra Ek Parichey Textbook Of Economics 2025-26
• Std. 12 Master Key Economics (Mah. HSC Board)

Students need to understand the Maharashtra HSC Economics Syllabus 2025-26 in detail to start the preparations for the exam. The latest curriculum PDF is uploaded on the official website of the Maharashtra State Board of Secondary And Higher Secondary Education to be downloaded by the students accordingly.