ICSE Class 10th Science Chapter 3 - Machines Important Questions with Answers

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A uniform meter scale is in equilibrium as shown in the diagram :

(i) Calculate the weight of the meter scale.
(ii) Which of the following options is correct to keep the ruler in equilibrium when 40 gf wt is shifted to 0 cm mark ?
F is shifted towards 0 cm
or
F is shifted towards 100 cm

Question 2.

The diagram shows wheel O pivoted at point A. Three equal forces F₁, F₂ and F₃ act at point B on the wheel.

Which force will produce maximum moment about A?
Give a reason for your answer in (a).

Question 3.

A metal rod AB of length 80 cm is balanced at 45 cm from the end A with 100 gf weights suspended from the two ends.

If this rod is cut at the centre C, then compare the weight of AC to the weight of BC.
Give a reason for your answer in (a).

Question 4.

Why is a jack screw provided with a long arm?

Question 5.

If the power of a motor is 100 kW, at what speed can it raise a load of 50,000 N?

Question 6.

A boy weighing 40 kgf climbs up a stair of 30 steps each 20 cm high in 4 minutes and a girl weighing 30 kgf does the same in 3 minutes. Compare:

The work done by them.
The power developed by them.

Question 7.

A stone of mass m is rotated in a circular path with a uniform speed by tying a strong string with the help of your hand. Answer the following questions

1) Is the stone moving with a uniform or variable speed?

2) Is the stone moving with a uniform acceleration? In which direction does the acceleration act?

3) What kind of force acts on the hand and state its direction?

Question 8.

A half metre rod is pivoted at the centre with two weights of 20gf and 12gf suspended at a perpendicular distance of 6 cm and 10 cm from the pivot respectively as shown below.

1) Which of the two forces acting on the rigid rod causes clockwise moment?

2) Is the rod in equilibrium?

3) The direction of 20 kgf force is reversed. What is the magnitude of the resultant moment of the forces on the rod?

Question 9.

(i) The conversion of part of the energy into an undesirable form is called ______________.
(ii) For a given height h, __________________ the length l of the inclined plane, lesser will be the effort required.

Question 10.

An electron emitter must have _____________ work function and ___________ melting point.

Question 1.

A man having a box on his head, climbs up a slope and another man having an identical box walks the same distance on a levelled road.
Who does more work against the force of gravity and why?

Question 2.

How is the unit horsepower related to the S.I. unit of power?

Question 3.

State the energy changes in the following case while in use:

An electric iron

Question 4.

State the energy changes in the following case while in use:

A ceiling fan

Question 5.

Name the unit of physical quantity obtained by the formula `(2K)/v^2` Where K: kinetic energy, v: linear velocity

Question 6.

Derive a relationship between S.I. and C.C.S. unit of work

Question 7.

A force acts on a body and displaces it by a distance S in a direction at an angle ? with the direction of the force. What should be the value of ? to get the maximum positive work?

Question 8.

Name the physical quantity measured in terms of horse power.

Question 9.

Two bodies have masses in the ratio 5 : 1 and their kinetic energies are in the ratio 125 : 9. Calculate the ratio of their velocities.

Question 10.

A body of mass 10 Kg is kept at a height of 5m. It is allowed to fall and reach the ground.
(i) What is the total mechanical energy possessed by the body at the height of 2m assuming it is a frictionless medium ?
(ii) What is the kinetic energy possessed by the body just before hitting the ground ? Take g = 10 m/s².