CBSE Class 12 Geography Syllabus 2023-24 - Download PDF Here

Unit 1

1

Human Geography

7

3

Unit 2

2

The World Population Density Distribution and Growth

9

8

3

Human Development

7

Unit 3

4

Primary Activities

12

19

5

Secondary Activities

10

6

Tertiary and Quaternary Activities

10

7

Transport, Communication and Trade

15

8

International Trade 

10

Map Work (Based on identification of features on World Political Map)

Total

90

35

Unit 1

1

Population Distribution Density Growth and Composition

10

5

Unit 2

2

Human Settlements

8

3

Unit 3

3

Land Resources and Agriculture

9

10

4

Water Resources

9

5

Mineral And Energy Resources

9

6

Planning and Sustainable Development in Indian Context 

7

Unit 4

7

Transport and Communication

11

7

8

International Trade

9

Unit 5

9

Geographical Perspective on selected issues and problems

8

5

Map Work (Based on Marking and labelling on a political Map of India)

10 

5

Total

90

35

1

Data-its source and Compilation

5

18

2

Data Processing

8

3

Graphical representation of Data

15

4

Spatial Information Technology

12 

7

Practical Record Book and Viva Voce

5

Total

40

30 

Human Geography

• To explain Human Geography. Describe the nature and scope of Human Geography as a discipline

The World Population - distribution, density, and growth

• To introduce students with some basic concepts of Population Geography.

Human Development

• To understand the concept of human development introduced by Prof. Amartya Sen and Dr. Mehbub Ul Haq.

Primary Activities

• To understand diverse groups of economic activities.
• To understand Primary activities and relate the physical and social factors that affect the type of primary activities followed in various regions of the world. 
• To explain main features of different types of agricultural system practised in the world.

Secondary Activities

• To develop understanding of secondary activities with focus on manufacturing industries.
• Introduction to manufacturing processes, types, its significance and recent changes. 

Tertiary and Quaternary Activities 

• To understand various kinds of tertiary activity and its importance in the economy. 

Transport and Communication 

• To gain knowledge about diverse modes of transport in diverse continents.
• To compare the information about major transport routes across the world.
• To learn the development and impact of communication networks on the modern world

International Trade

• Introduce students with the fundamentals and principles of International trade.
• To understand the basis of Balance of trade, International trade and its types.
• To outline the historical perspective of globalization and Role of WTO, its functions and implications on world trade. 
• Examine the importance of sea ports as Gateways of International trade.

Population: Distribution Density, Growth and Composition

• To correlate population distribution and density with the physiography of India. 
• To familiarize students with the demographic attributes of India

Human Settlements 

• To understand how the form and size of settlement of any particular region reflects human relationship with the environment. 

Land Resources and Agriculture

• To make students familiar with the land-use categories as maintained in the land revenue records.
• To analyze the changes in landuse pattern registered in India due to change in shares of primary, secondary and tertiary sectors in GDP. 

Water Resources

• To familiarize students about the water resources available in India and the factors determining spatial distribution of the available water resources and its utilization in the country. 

Mineral and energy resources

• To know about the distribution of various minerals in the world.
• To understand and realize the importance of minerals in human life.
• To create an awareness about the nature of different minerals and how to sustain them for the future. 

Planning and sustainable development in Indian Context 

• To understand the need for centralized planning (sectoral planning and regional planning) to accelerate uniform economic development over space as well the role of NITI Aayog. 

Transport and communication

• To gain knowledge of diverse means of transport spread in different parts of India.
• To compare and correlate various modes of transport to the physical regions of India.
• To evaluate the impact of transport and communication networks on the development of our nation

International Trade

• To familiarise students about the changes that have taken place in India’s international trade in terms of volume, composition and direction. 

Geographical Perspective on selected issues

• To explain the types, causes and consequences of pollution in India and suggest the measures to control it. 

Data its source and compilation

• To understand the importance of data and its uses in Geography

Data Processing

• To calculate Measures of Central tendency
• To Compare Mean, Median And Mode 

Representation of Data

• To represent data graphically using different techniques

Spatial Information Technology

• To understand the requirement to capture data from different sources and integrate them using a computer that is supported by geo-processing tools. 
• To learn basic principles of the Spatial Information Technology and its extension to the Spatial Information System, which is more commonly known as Geographical Information System

• Subsistence gathering areas (Fig 4.2)
• Major regions of the world for extensive commercial grain farming (4.12)
• Major regions for mixed farming worldwide (4.14)
• Major regions for commercial livestock rearing (4.6)

• Terminal Stations of Transcontinental Railways– Trans-Siberian, Trans Canadian, Trans-Australian Railways

• Europe: North Cape, London, Hamburg
• North America: Vancouver, San Francisco, New Orleans
• South America: Rio De Janeiro, Colon, Valparaiso Africa: Suez and Cape Town
• Asia: Yokohama, Shanghai, Hong Kong, Aden, Karachi, Kolkata
• Australia: Perth, Sydney, Melbourne

• Asia: Tokyo, Beijing, Mumbai, Jeddah, Aden Africa: Johannesburg & Nairobi
• Europe: Moscow, London, Paris, Berlin and Rome North America: Chicago, New Orleans, Mexico City
• South America: Buenos Aires, Santiago
• Australia: Darwin and Wellington

• Iron-ore mines: Mayurbhanj, Bailadila, Ratnagiri, Bellary
• Manganese mines: Balaghat, Shimoga
• Copper mines: Hazaribagh, Singhbhum, Khetari
• Bauxite mines: Katni, Bilaspur and Koraput
• Coal mines: Jharia, Bokaro, Raniganj, Neyveli
• Oil Refineries: Mathura, Jamnager, Barauni

• Major Sea Ports: Kandla, Mumbai, Marmagao, Kochi, Mangalore, Tuticorin, Chennai, Vishakhapatnam, Paradwip, Haldia
• International Airports: Ahmedabad, Mumbai, Bengaluru, Chennai, Kolkata, Guwahati, Delhi, Amritsar, Thiruvananthapuram & Hyderabad.